docs/html/guidevideoexamples.html - third_party/sdl - Git at Google

 <HTML
 ><HEAD
 ><TITLE
 >Video Examples</TITLE
 ><META
 NAME="GENERATOR"
 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.64
 "><LINK
 REL="HOME"
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 >SDL Library Documentation</TH
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 ><A
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 >Prev</A
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 ><TD
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 ><DIV
 CLASS="SECT1"
 ><H1
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 ><A
 NAME="GUIDEVIDEOEXAMPLES"
 >Video Examples</A
 ></H1
 ><P
 ></P
 ><DIV
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><H2
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><A
 NAME="AEN375"
 >Initializing the video display</A
 ></H2
 ><P
 ><PRE
 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
 >    SDL_Surface *screen;

     /* Initialize the SDL library */
     if( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) &#60; 0 ) {
         fprintf(stderr,
                 "Couldn't initialize SDL: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
         exit(1);
     }

     /* Clean up on exit */
     atexit(SDL_Quit);

     /* Initialize the display in a 640x480 8-bit palettized mode */
     screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 8, SDL_SWSURFACE);
     if ( screen == NULL ) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set 640x480x8 video mode: %s\n",
                         SDL_GetError());
         exit(1);
     }</PRE
 ></P
 ></DIV
 ><DIV
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><H2
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><A
 NAME="AEN379"
 >Initializing the best video mode</A
 ></H2
 ><P
 ><PRE
 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
 >    /* Have a preference for 8-bit, but accept any depth */
     screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 8, SDL_SWSURFACE|SDL_ANYFORMAT);
     if ( screen == NULL ) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set 640x480x8 video mode: %s\n",
                         SDL_GetError());
         exit(1);
     }
     printf("Set 640x480 at %d bits-per-pixel mode\n",
            screen-&#62;format-&#62;BitsPerPixel);</PRE
 ></P
 ></DIV
 ><DIV
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><H2
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><A
 NAME="AEN383"
 >Loading and displaying a BMP file</A
 ></H2
 ><P
 ><PRE
 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
 >    SDL_Surface *image;
     SDL_Rect dest;
     int ncolors, i;
     SDL_Color *colors;

     /* Load the BMP file into a surface */
     image = SDL_LoadBMP("sample.bmp");
     if ( image == NULL ) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't load sample.bmp: %s\n",
                         SDL_GetError());
         return;
     }

     /* Set the display colors -- SDL_SetColors() only does something on
        palettized displays, but it doesn't hurt anything on HiColor or
        TrueColor displays.
        If the display colors have already been set, this step can be
        skipped, and the library will automatically map the image to
        the current display colors.
     */
     if ( image-&#62;format-&#62;palette ) {
         ncolors = image-&#62;format-&#62;palette-&#62;ncolors;
         colors  = (SDL_Color *)malloc(ncolors*sizeof(SDL_Color));
         memcpy(colors, image-&#62;format-&#62;palette-&#62;colors, ncolors);
     }
     else {
         int r, g, b;

         /* Allocate 256 color palette */
         ncolors = 256;
         colors  = (SDL_Color *)malloc(ncolors*sizeof(SDL_Color));

         /* Set a 3,3,2 color cube */
         for ( r=0; r&#60;8; ++r ) {
             for ( g=0; g&#60;8; ++g ) {
                 for ( b=0; b&#60;4; ++b ) {
                     i = ((r&#60;&#60;5)|(g&#60;&#60;2)|b);
                     colors[i].r = r&#60;&#60;5;
                     colors[i].g = g&#60;&#60;5;
                     colors[i].b = b&#60;&#60;6;
                 }
             }
         }
         /* Note: A better way of allocating the palette might be
            to calculate the frequency of colors in the image
            and create a palette based on that information.
         */
     }
     /* Set colormap, try for all the colors, but don't worry about it */
     SDL_SetColors(screen, colors, 0, ncolors);
     free(colors);

     /* Blit onto the screen surface */
     dest.x = 0;
     dest.y = 0;
     dest.w = image-&#62;w;
     dest.h = image-&#62;h;
     SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, screen, &#38;dest);

     SDL_UpdateRects(screen, 1, &#38;dest);

     /* Free the allocated BMP surface */
     SDL_FreeSurface(image);
     return;</PRE
 ></P
 ></DIV
 ><DIV
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><H2
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><A
 NAME="AEN387"
 >Drawing directly to the display</A
 ></H2
 ><P
 ><PRE
 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
 >    /* Code to set a yellow pixel at the center of the screen */

     Sint32   X, Y;
     Uint32   pixel;
     Uint8   *bits, bpp;

     /* Map the color yellow to this display (R=0xFF, G=0xFF, B=0x00)
        Note:  If the display is palettized, you must set the palette first.
     */
     pixel = SDL_MapRGB(screen-&#62;format, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00);

     /* Calculate the framebuffer offset of the center of the screen */
     if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
         if ( SDL_LockSurface(screen) &#60; 0 )
             return;
     }
     bpp = screen-&#62;format-&#62;BytesPerPixel;
     X = screen-&#62;w/2;
     Y = screen-&#62;h/2;
     bits = ((Uint8 *)screen-&#62;pixels)+Y*screen-&#62;pitch+X*bpp;

     /* Set the pixel */
     switch(bpp) {
         case 1:
             *((Uint8 *)(bits)) = (Uint8)pixel;
             break;
         case 2:
             *((Uint16 *)(bits)) = (Uint16)pixel;
             break;
         case 3: { /* Format/endian independent */
             Uint8 r, g, b;

             r = (pixel&#62;&#62;screen-&#62;format-&#62;Rshift)&#38;0xFF;
             g = (pixel&#62;&#62;screen-&#62;format-&#62;Gshift)&#38;0xFF;
             b = (pixel&#62;&#62;screen-&#62;format-&#62;Bshift)&#38;0xFF;
             *((bits)+screen-&#62;format-&#62;Rshift/8) = r;
             *((bits)+screen-&#62;format-&#62;Gshift/8) = g;
             *((bits)+screen-&#62;format-&#62;Bshift/8) = b;
             }
             break;
         case 4:
             *((Uint32 *)(bits)) = (Uint32)pixel;
             break;
     }

     /* Update the display */
     if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
         SDL_UnlockSurface(screen);
     }
     SDL_UpdateRect(screen, X, Y, 1, 1);

     return;</PRE
 ></P
 ></DIV
 ><DIV
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><H2
 CLASS="SECT2"
 ><A
 NAME="AEN391"
 >Fastest possible surface blit</A
 ></H2
 ><P
 >There are three different ways you can draw an image to the screen:
 <P
 ></P
 ><TABLE
 BORDER="0"
 ><TBODY
 ><TR
 ><TD
 >1.Create a surface and use <A
 HREF="sdlblitsurface.html"
 ><TT
 CLASS="FUNCTION"
 >SDL_BlitSurface</TT
 ></A
 > to blit it to the screen</TD
 ></TR
 ><TR
 ><TD
 >2.Create the video surface in system memory and call <A
 HREF="sdlupdaterect.html"
 ><TT
 CLASS="FUNCTION"
 >SDL_UpdateRect</TT
 ></A
 ></TD
 ></TR
 ><TR
 ><TD
 >3.Create the video surface in video memory and call <A
 HREF="sdllocksurface.html"
 ><TT
 CLASS="FUNCTION"
 >SDL_LockSurface</TT
 ></A
 ></TD
 ></TR
 ></TBODY
 ></TABLE
 ><P
 ></P
 >
 The best way to do this is to combine methods:
 <PRE
 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
 >#include &#60;stdio.h&#62;
 #include &#60;stdlib.h&#62;
 #include "SDL.h"
 #include "SDL_timer.h"

 void ComplainAndExit(void)
 {
     fprintf(stderr, "Problem: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
     exit(1);
 }

 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     SDL_PixelFormat fmt;
     SDL_Surface *screen, *locked;
     SDL_Surface *imagebmp, *image;
     SDL_Rect dstrect;
     int i;
     Uint8 *buffer;

     /* Initialize SDL */
     if ( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) &#60; 0 ) {
         ComplainAndExit();
     }
     atexit(SDL_Quit);

     /* Load a BMP image into a surface */
     imagebmp = SDL_LoadBMP("image.bmp");
     if ( imagebmp == NULL ) {
         ComplainAndExit();
     }

     /* Set the video mode (640x480 at native depth) */
     screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 0, SDL_HWSURFACE|SDL_FULLSCREEN);
     if ( screen == NULL ) {
         ComplainAndExit();
     }

     /* Set the video colormap */
     if ( imagebmp-&#62;format-&#62;palette != NULL ) {
         SDL_SetColors(screen,
                       imagebmp-&#62;format-&#62;palette-&#62;colors, 0,
                       imagebmp-&#62;format-&#62;palette-&#62;ncolors);
     }

     /* Convert the image to the video format (maps colors) */
     image = SDL_DisplayFormat(imagebmp);
     SDL_FreeSurface(imagebmp);
     if ( image == NULL ) {
         ComplainAndExit();
     }

     /* Draw bands of color on the raw surface */
     if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
         if ( SDL_LockSurface(screen) &#60; 0 )
             ComplainAndExit();
     }
     buffer=(Uint8 *)screen-&#62;pixels;
     for ( i=0; i&#60;screen-&#62;h; ++i ) {
         memset(buffer,(i*255)/screen-&#62;h,
                screen-&#62;w*screen-&#62;format-&#62;BytesPerPixel);
                buffer += screen-&#62;pitch;
     }
     if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
         SDL_UnlockSurface(screen);
     }

     /* Blit the image to the center of the screen */
     dstrect.x = (screen-&#62;w-image-&#62;w)/2;
     dstrect.y = (screen-&#62;h-image-&#62;h)/2;
     dstrect.w = image-&#62;w;
     dstrect.h = image-&#62;h;
     if ( SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, screen, &#38;dstrect) &#60; 0 ) {
         SDL_FreeSurface(image);
         ComplainAndExit();
     }
     SDL_FreeSurface(image);

     /* Update the screen */
     SDL_UpdateRects(screen, 1, &#38;dstrect);

     SDL_Delay(5000);        /* Wait 5 seconds */
     exit(0);
 }</PRE
 ></P
 ></DIV
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 CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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 WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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 ><TR
 ><TD
 WIDTH="33%"
 ALIGN="left"
 VALIGN="top"
 ><A
 HREF="guideexamples.html"
 >Prev</A
 ></TD
 ><TD
 WIDTH="34%"
 ALIGN="center"
 VALIGN="top"
 ><A
 HREF="index.html"
 >Home</A
 ></TD
 ><TD
 WIDTH="33%"
 ALIGN="right"
 VALIGN="top"
 ><A
 HREF="guideeventexamples.html"
 >Next</A
 ></TD
 ></TR
 ><TR
 ><TD
 WIDTH="33%"
 ALIGN="left"
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 >Examples</TD
 ><TD
 WIDTH="34%"
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 ><A
 HREF="guideexamples.html"
 >Up</A
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 ALIGN="right"
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 >
	<HTML
	><HEAD
	><TITLE
	>Video Examples</TITLE
	><META
	NAME="GENERATOR"
	CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.64
	"><LINK
	REL="HOME"
	TITLE="SDL Library Documentation"
	HREF="index.html"><LINK
	REL="UP"
	TITLE="Examples"
	HREF="guideexamples.html"><LINK
	REL="PREVIOUS"
	TITLE="Examples"
	HREF="guideexamples.html"><LINK
	REL="NEXT"
	TITLE="Event Examples"
	HREF="guideeventexamples.html"></HEAD
	><BODY
	CLASS="SECT1"
	BGCOLOR="#FFF8DC"
	TEXT="#000000"
	LINK="#0000ee"
	VLINK="#551a8b"
	ALINK="#ff0000"
	><DIV
	CLASS="NAVHEADER"
	><TABLE
	WIDTH="100%"
	BORDER="0"
	CELLPADDING="0"
	CELLSPACING="0"
	><TR
	><TH
	COLSPAN="3"
	ALIGN="center"
	>SDL Library Documentation</TH
	></TR
	><TR
	><TD
	WIDTH="10%"
	ALIGN="left"
	VALIGN="bottom"
	><A
	HREF="guideexamples.html"
	>Prev</A
	></TD
	><TD
	WIDTH="80%"
	ALIGN="center"
	VALIGN="bottom"
	>Chapter 4. Examples</TD
	><TD
	WIDTH="10%"
	ALIGN="right"
	VALIGN="bottom"
	><A
	HREF="guideeventexamples.html"
	>Next</A
	></TD
	></TR
	></TABLE
	><HR
	ALIGN="LEFT"
	WIDTH="100%"></DIV
	><DIV
	CLASS="SECT1"
	><H1
	CLASS="SECT1"
	><A
	NAME="GUIDEVIDEOEXAMPLES"
	>Video Examples</A
	></H1
	><P
	></P
	><DIV
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><H2
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><A
	NAME="AEN375"
	>Initializing the video display</A
	></H2
	><P
	><PRE
	CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
	> SDL_Surface *screen;

	/* Initialize the SDL library */
	if( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0 ) {
	fprintf(stderr,
	"Couldn't initialize SDL: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
	exit(1);
	}

	/* Clean up on exit */
	atexit(SDL_Quit);

	/* Initialize the display in a 640x480 8-bit palettized mode */
	screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 8, SDL_SWSURFACE);
	if ( screen == NULL ) {
	fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set 640x480x8 video mode: %s\n",
	SDL_GetError());
	exit(1);
	}</PRE
	></P
	></DIV
	><DIV
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><H2
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><A
	NAME="AEN379"
	>Initializing the best video mode</A
	></H2
	><P
	><PRE
	CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
	> /* Have a preference for 8-bit, but accept any depth */
	screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 8, SDL_SWSURFACE\|SDL_ANYFORMAT);
	if ( screen == NULL ) {
	fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set 640x480x8 video mode: %s\n",
	SDL_GetError());
	exit(1);
	}
	printf("Set 640x480 at %d bits-per-pixel mode\n",
	screen->format->BitsPerPixel);</PRE
	></P
	></DIV
	><DIV
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><H2
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><A
	NAME="AEN383"
	>Loading and displaying a BMP file</A
	></H2
	><P
	><PRE
	CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
	> SDL_Surface *image;
	SDL_Rect dest;
	int ncolors, i;
	SDL_Color *colors;

	/* Load the BMP file into a surface */
	image = SDL_LoadBMP("sample.bmp");
	if ( image == NULL ) {
	fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't load sample.bmp: %s\n",
	SDL_GetError());
	return;
	}

	/* Set the display colors -- SDL_SetColors() only does something on
	palettized displays, but it doesn't hurt anything on HiColor or
	TrueColor displays.
	If the display colors have already been set, this step can be
	skipped, and the library will automatically map the image to
	the current display colors.
	*/
	if ( image->format->palette ) {
	ncolors = image->format->palette->ncolors;
	colors = (SDL_Color )malloc(ncolorssizeof(SDL_Color));
	memcpy(colors, image->format->palette->colors, ncolors);
	}
	else {
	int r, g, b;

	/* Allocate 256 color palette */
	ncolors = 256;
	colors = (SDL_Color )malloc(ncolorssizeof(SDL_Color));

	/* Set a 3,3,2 color cube */
	for ( r=0; r<8; ++r ) {
	for ( g=0; g<8; ++g ) {
	for ( b=0; b<4; ++b ) {
	i = ((r<<5)\|(g<<2)\|b);
	colors[i].r = r<<5;
	colors[i].g = g<<5;
	colors[i].b = b<<6;
	}
	}
	}
	/* Note: A better way of allocating the palette might be
	to calculate the frequency of colors in the image
	and create a palette based on that information.
	*/
	}
	/* Set colormap, try for all the colors, but don't worry about it */
	SDL_SetColors(screen, colors, 0, ncolors);
	free(colors);

	/* Blit onto the screen surface */
	dest.x = 0;
	dest.y = 0;
	dest.w = image->w;
	dest.h = image->h;
	SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, screen, &dest);

	SDL_UpdateRects(screen, 1, &dest);

	/* Free the allocated BMP surface */
	SDL_FreeSurface(image);
	return;</PRE
	></P
	></DIV
	><DIV
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><H2
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><A
	NAME="AEN387"
	>Drawing directly to the display</A
	></H2
	><P
	><PRE
	CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
	> /* Code to set a yellow pixel at the center of the screen */

	Sint32 X, Y;
	Uint32 pixel;
	Uint8 *bits, bpp;

	/* Map the color yellow to this display (R=0xFF, G=0xFF, B=0x00)
	Note: If the display is palettized, you must set the palette first.
	*/
	pixel = SDL_MapRGB(screen->format, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00);

	/* Calculate the framebuffer offset of the center of the screen */
	if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
	if ( SDL_LockSurface(screen) < 0 )
	return;
	}
	bpp = screen->format->BytesPerPixel;
	X = screen->w/2;
	Y = screen->h/2;
	bits = ((Uint8 )screen->pixels)+Yscreen->pitch+X*bpp;

	/* Set the pixel */
	switch(bpp) {
	case 1:
	((Uint8 )(bits)) = (Uint8)pixel;
	break;
	case 2:
	((Uint16 )(bits)) = (Uint16)pixel;
	break;
	case 3: { /* Format/endian independent */
	Uint8 r, g, b;

	r = (pixel>>screen->format->Rshift)&0xFF;
	g = (pixel>>screen->format->Gshift)&0xFF;
	b = (pixel>>screen->format->Bshift)&0xFF;
	*((bits)+screen->format->Rshift/8) = r;
	*((bits)+screen->format->Gshift/8) = g;
	*((bits)+screen->format->Bshift/8) = b;
	}
	break;
	case 4:
	((Uint32 )(bits)) = (Uint32)pixel;
	break;
	}

	/* Update the display */
	if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
	SDL_UnlockSurface(screen);
	}
	SDL_UpdateRect(screen, X, Y, 1, 1);

	return;</PRE
	></P
	></DIV
	><DIV
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><H2
	CLASS="SECT2"
	><A
	NAME="AEN391"
	>Fastest possible surface blit</A
	></H2
	><P
	>There are three different ways you can draw an image to the screen:
	<P
	></P
	><TABLE
	BORDER="0"
	><TBODY
	><TR
	><TD
	>1.Create a surface and use <A
	HREF="sdlblitsurface.html"
	><TT
	CLASS="FUNCTION"
	>SDL_BlitSurface</TT
	></A
	> to blit it to the screen</TD
	></TR
	><TR
	><TD
	>2.Create the video surface in system memory and call <A
	HREF="sdlupdaterect.html"
	><TT
	CLASS="FUNCTION"
	>SDL_UpdateRect</TT
	></A
	></TD
	></TR
	><TR
	><TD
	>3.Create the video surface in video memory and call <A
	HREF="sdllocksurface.html"
	><TT
	CLASS="FUNCTION"
	>SDL_LockSurface</TT
	></A
	></TD
	></TR
	></TBODY
	></TABLE
	><P
	></P
	>
	The best way to do this is to combine methods:
	<PRE
	CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
	>#include <stdio.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include "SDL.h"
	#include "SDL_timer.h"

	void ComplainAndExit(void)
	{
	fprintf(stderr, "Problem: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
	exit(1);
	}

	int main(int argc, char *argv[])
	{
	SDL_PixelFormat fmt;
	SDL_Surface screen, locked;
	SDL_Surface imagebmp, image;
	SDL_Rect dstrect;
	int i;
	Uint8 *buffer;

	/* Initialize SDL */
	if ( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0 ) {
	ComplainAndExit();
	}
	atexit(SDL_Quit);

	/* Load a BMP image into a surface */
	imagebmp = SDL_LoadBMP("image.bmp");
	if ( imagebmp == NULL ) {
	ComplainAndExit();
	}

	/* Set the video mode (640x480 at native depth) */
	screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 0, SDL_HWSURFACE\|SDL_FULLSCREEN);
	if ( screen == NULL ) {
	ComplainAndExit();
	}

	/* Set the video colormap */
	if ( imagebmp->format->palette != NULL ) {
	SDL_SetColors(screen,
	imagebmp->format->palette->colors, 0,
	imagebmp->format->palette->ncolors);
	}

	/* Convert the image to the video format (maps colors) */
	image = SDL_DisplayFormat(imagebmp);
	SDL_FreeSurface(imagebmp);
	if ( image == NULL ) {
	ComplainAndExit();
	}

	/* Draw bands of color on the raw surface */
	if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
	if ( SDL_LockSurface(screen) < 0 )
	ComplainAndExit();
	}
	buffer=(Uint8 *)screen->pixels;
	for ( i=0; i<screen->h; ++i ) {
	memset(buffer,(i*255)/screen->h,
	screen->w*screen->format->BytesPerPixel);
	buffer += screen->pitch;
	}
	if ( SDL_MUSTLOCK(screen) ) {
	SDL_UnlockSurface(screen);
	}

	/* Blit the image to the center of the screen */
	dstrect.x = (screen->w-image->w)/2;
	dstrect.y = (screen->h-image->h)/2;
	dstrect.w = image->w;
	dstrect.h = image->h;
	if ( SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, screen, &dstrect) < 0 ) {
	SDL_FreeSurface(image);
	ComplainAndExit();
	}
	SDL_FreeSurface(image);

	/* Update the screen */
	SDL_UpdateRects(screen, 1, &dstrect);

	SDL_Delay(5000); /* Wait 5 seconds */
	exit(0);
	}</PRE
	></P
	></DIV
	></DIV
	><DIV
	CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
	><HR
	ALIGN="LEFT"
	WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
	WIDTH="100%"
	BORDER="0"
	CELLPADDING="0"
	CELLSPACING="0"
	><TR
	><TD
	WIDTH="33%"
	ALIGN="left"
	VALIGN="top"
	><A
	HREF="guideexamples.html"
	>Prev</A
	></TD
	><TD
	WIDTH="34%"
	ALIGN="center"
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