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| </style> |
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| </script></head> |
| <body class="book toc2 toc-left" style="max-width: 100;"> |
| <div id="header"> |
| <h1>The OpenGL<sup>®</sup> Shading Language, Version 4.60.7</h1> |
| <div class="details"> |
| <span id="author" class="author">John Kessenich, Google (Editor and Author) ; Dave Baldwin and Randi Rost (Version 1.1 Authors)</span><br> |
| <span id="revnumber">version 4.60.7,</span> |
| <span id="revdate">Wed, 10 Jul 2019 20:42:58 +0000</span> |
| <br><span id="revremark">Git branch information not available</span> |
| </div> |
| <div id="toc" class="toc2"> |
| <div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div> |
| <ul class="sectlevel1"> |
| <li><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#changes">1.1. Changes</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#overview">1.2. Overview</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#error-handling">1.3. Error Handling</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#typographical-conventions">1.4. Typographical Conventions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#deprecation">1.5. Deprecation</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#overview-of-opengl-shading">2. Overview of Shading</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#vertex-processor">2.1. Vertex Processor</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#tessellation-control-processor">2.2. Tessellation Control Processor</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#tessellation-evaluation-processor">2.3. Tessellation Evaluation Processor</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#geometry-processor">2.4. Geometry Processor</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#fragment-processor">2.5. Fragment Processor</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#compute-processor">2.6. Compute Processor</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#basics">3. Basics</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#character-set">3.1. Character Set and Phases of Compilation</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#source-strings">3.2. Source Strings</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#preprocessor">3.3. Preprocessor</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#comments">3.4. Comments</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#tokens">3.5. Tokens</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#keywords">3.6. Keywords</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#identifiers">3.7. Identifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#definitions">3.8. Definitions</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#variables-and-types">4. Variables and Types</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#basic-types">4.1. Basic Types</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#scoping">4.2. Scoping</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#storage-qualifiers">4.3. Storage Qualifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#layout-qualifiers">4.4. Layout Qualifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#interpolation-qualifiers">4.5. Interpolation Qualifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#parameter-qualifiers">4.6. Parameter Qualifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#precision-and-precision-qualifiers">4.7. Precision and Precision Qualifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#variance-and-the-invariant-qualifier">4.8. Variance and the Invariant Qualifier</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#the-precise-qualifier">4.9. The Precise Qualifier</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#memory-qualifiers">4.10. Memory Qualifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#specialization-constant-qualifier">4.11. Specialization-Constant Qualifier</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#order-of-qualification">4.12. Order and Repetition of Qualification</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#empty-declarations">4.13. Empty Declarations</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#operators-and-expressions">5. Operators and Expressions</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#operators">5.1. Operators</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#array-operations">5.2. Array Operations</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#function-calls">5.3. Function Calls</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#constructors">5.4. Constructors</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#vector-components">5.5. Vector and Scalar Components and Length</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#matrix-components">5.6. Matrix Components</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#structure-and-array-operations">5.7. Structure and Array Operations</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#assignments">5.8. Assignments</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#expressions">5.9. Expressions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#vector-and-matrix-operations">5.10. Vector and Matrix Operations</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#out-of-bounds-accesses">5.11. Out-of-Bounds Accesses</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#specialization-constant-operations">5.12. Specialization-Constant Operations</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#statements-and-structure">6. Statements and Structure</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#function-definitions">6.1. Function Definitions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#selection">6.2. Selection</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#iteration">6.3. Iteration</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#jumps">6.4. Jumps</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#built-in-variables">7. Built-In Variables</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#built-in-language-variables">7.1. Built-In Language Variables</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#compatibility-profile-vertex-shader-built-in-inputs">7.2. Compatibility Profile Vertex Shader Built-In Inputs</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#built-in-constants">7.3. Built-In Constants</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#built-in-uniform-state">7.4. Built-In Uniform State</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#redeclaring-built-in-blocks">7.5. Redeclaring Built-In Blocks</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#built-in-functions">8. Built-In Functions</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#angle-and-trigonometry-functions">8.1. Angle and Trigonometry Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#exponential-functions">8.2. Exponential Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#common-functions">8.3. Common Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#floating-point-pack-and-unpack-functions">8.4. Floating-Point Pack and Unpack Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#geometric-functions">8.5. Geometric Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#matrix-functions">8.6. Matrix Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#vector-relational-functions">8.7. Vector Relational Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#integer-functions">8.8. Integer Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#texture-functions">8.9. Texture Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#atomic-counter-functions">8.10. Atomic Counter Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#atomic-memory-functions">8.11. Atomic Memory Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#image-functions">8.12. Image Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#geometry-shader-functions">8.13. Geometry Shader Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#fragment-processing-functions">8.14. Fragment Processing Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#noise-functions">8.15. Noise Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#shader-invocation-control-functions">8.16. Shader Invocation Control Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#shader-memory-control-functions">8.17. Shader Memory Control Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#_subpass_input_functions">8.18. Subpass-Input Functions</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#shader-invocation-group-functions">8.19. Shader Invocation Group Functions</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#shading-language-grammar">9. Shading Language Grammar</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#acknowledgments">10. Acknowledgments</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#references">11. Normative References</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#_non_normative_spir_v_mappings">12. Non-Normative SPIR-V Mappings</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#_feature_comparisons">12.1. Feature Comparisons</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#_mapping_from_glsl_to_spir_v">12.2. Mapping from GLSL to SPIR-V</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="content"> |
| <div id="preamble"> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div style="page-break-after: always;"></div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Copyright © 2008-2018 The Khronos Group Inc. All Rights Reserved.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This specification is protected by copyright laws and contains material |
| proprietary to the Khronos Group, Inc. It or any components may not be |
| reproduced, republished, distributed, transmitted, displayed, broadcast, |
| or otherwise exploited in any manner without the express prior written |
| permission of Khronos Group. You may use this specification for |
| implementing the functionality therein, without altering or removing any |
| trademark, copyright or other notice from the specification, but the |
| receipt or possession of this specification does not convey any rights |
| to reproduce, disclose, or distribute its contents, or to manufacture, |
| use, or sell anything that it may describe, in whole or in part.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Khronos Group grants express permission to any current Promoter, |
| Contributor or Adopter member of Khronos to copy and redistribute |
| UNMODIFIED versions of this specification in any fashion, provided that |
| NO CHARGE is made for the specification and the latest available update |
| of the specification for any version of the API is used whenever |
| possible. Such distributed specification may be reformatted AS LONG AS |
| the contents of the specification are not changed in any way. The |
| specification may be incorporated into a product that is sold as long as |
| such product includes significant independent work developed by the |
| seller. A link to the current version of this specification on the |
| Khronos Group website should be included whenever possible with |
| specification distributions.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Khronos Group makes no, and expressly disclaims any, representations or |
| warranties, express or implied, regarding this specification, including, |
| without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness |
| for a particular purpose or noninfringement of any intellectual |
| property. Khronos Group makes no, and expressly disclaims any, |
| warranties, express or implied, regarding the correctness, accuracy, |
| completeness, timeliness, and reliability of the specification. Under no |
| circumstances will the Khronos Group, or any of its Promoters, |
| Contributors or Members or their respective partners, officers, |
| directors, employees, agents, or representatives be liable for any |
| damages, whether direct, indirect, special or consequential damages for |
| lost revenues, lost profits, or otherwise, arising from or in connection |
| with these materials.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Khronos, Vulkan, SYCL, SPIR, WebGL, EGL, COLLADA, StreamInput, OpenVX, |
| OpenKCam, glTF, OpenKODE, OpenVG, OpenWF, OpenSL ES, OpenMAX, OpenMAX |
| AL, OpenMAX IL and OpenMAX DL are trademarks and WebCL is a |
| certification mark of the Khronos Group Inc. OpenCL is a trademark of |
| Apple Inc. and OpenGL and OpenML are registered trademarks and the |
| OpenGL ES and OpenGL SC logos are trademarks of Silicon Graphics |
| International used under license by Khronos. All other product names, |
| trademarks, and/or company names are used solely for identification and |
| belong to their respective owners.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div style="page-break-after: always;"></div> |
| <!-- toc disabled --> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="introduction">1. Introduction</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This document specifies only version 4.60 of the OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL). |
| It requires __VERSION__ to substitute 460, and requires |
| <strong>#version</strong> to accept only |
| <code>460</code>. |
| If <strong>#version</strong> is declared with a smaller number, the language accepted is a |
| previous version of the shading language, which will be supported depending |
| on the version and type of context in the API. |
| See the <a href="#references">normative references</a> for details on what language |
| versions are supported.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Previous versions of the OpenGL Shading Language, as well as the OpenGL ES Shading Language, |
| are not strict subsets of the version specified here, particularly with |
| respect to precision, name-hiding rules, and treatment of interface |
| variables. |
| See the specification corresponding to a particular language version for |
| details specific to that version of the language.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Throughout, when generating SPIR-V for consumption by the Vulkan API |
| (see <a href="#references">normative references</a>), this will be said to be |
| <em>targeting Vulkan</em>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>While this specification and the OpenGL Specification are normative for OpenGL Shading Language, for |
| SPIR-V generation it is still the SPIR-V specification and the SPIR-V client |
| API specification that are normative for the generated SPIR-V. |
| See the <a href="#references">normative references</a> for further detail.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For SPIR-V generation, the SPIR-V client API specifies the commands used to |
| manipulate SPIR-V shaders.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Independent offline tool chains will compile GLSL down to the SPIR-V |
| intermediate language. |
| SPIR-V generation is not enabled with a <strong>#extension</strong>, <strong>#version</strong>, or a |
| profile. |
| Instead, use of GLSL for SPIR-V is determined by offline tool-chain use. |
| See the documentation of such tools to see how to request generation of |
| SPIR-V for its client API.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>GLSL → SPIR-V compilers must be directed as to what SPIR-V <strong>Capabilities</strong> |
| are legal at run-time and give errors for GLSL feature use outside those |
| capabilities. |
| This is also true for implementation-dependent limits that can be error |
| checked by the front-end against built-in constants present in the GLSL |
| source: the front-end can be informed of such limits, and report errors when |
| they are exceeded.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>SPIR-V features that are not controlled by a SPIR-V capability, but do have an |
| equivalent GLSL counterpart (stages, built-in functions, types, limits, etc.) |
| are only expected to work on OpenGL drivers that support the GLSL counterpart.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>All references in this specification to the <a href="#references">OpenGL Specification</a> are to |
| the Core profile of version 4.6, unless a different profile is |
| specified.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="changes">1.1. Changes</h3> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_changes_from_revision_6_of_glsl_4_6">1.1.1. Changes from Revision 6 of GLSL 4.6</h4> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Incorporated the GL_KHR_vulkan_glsl specification.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Add note in the introduction about presence in drivers of SPIR-V features, |
| as they relate to GLSL features.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Clarify it is same location that triggers default-uniform block matching |
| rules. |
| See <a href="#uniform-variable-layout-qualifiers">Uniform Variable Layout Qualifiers</a>.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_changes_from_revision_5_of_glsl_4_6">1.1.2. Changes from Revision 5 of GLSL 4.6</h4> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue #34: Clarify/consolidate implicit conversion rules from int → uint |
| to be the same as explicit construction.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue #24: Clarify that <strong>barrier</strong>() by itself is enough to synchronize |
| both control flow and memory accesses to <strong>shared</strong> variables and tessellation |
| control output variables. For other memory accesses an additional memory |
| barrier is still required.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Normatively reference IEEE-754 for definitions of floating-point formats.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 36: <strong>refract</strong> function on <strong>double</strong> types requires eta |
| argument to have type <strong>double</strong>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Clarify restrictions on input variables in tessellation and geometry stages.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 15: Clarify the ordering of bindings for arrays of arrays.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 14: Uniform variables need only match at link time if they |
| are statically used.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>For <strong>precise</strong> computations, the controlling expressions for |
| control flow and ternary operators (<strong>?:</strong>) are not included.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_changes_from_revision_4_of_glsl_4_6">1.1.3. Changes from Revision 4 of GLSL 4.6</h4> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private bug 13012: Clarified that builtin uniform variables might only |
| be available in the fragment stage.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private bug 13837: Ternary and sequence operators may operate on <strong>void</strong> types.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Clarified that errors arising from preprocessing must be returned at compile time.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Clarified that access to any part of a variable constitutes a static use.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 19: A statement is required following any label at the end of a <strong>switch</strong>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 26: <strong>noise</strong> is not valid when compiling for SPIR-V.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 20: <strong>length</strong>() expressions returning a constant value may not |
| contain side effects.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Public OpenGL-API issue 7: Variables can be declared as both <strong>readonly</strong> |
| and <strong>writeonly</strong>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 16: Use of constant expressions within <strong>#line</strong> directives is undefined.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Corrected return type of <strong>imageAtomicExchange</strong> on <strong>float</strong> images.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 32: Remove <strong>length</strong>() method contradiction: |
| Non runtime-sized arrays only support <strong>length</strong>() on explicitly |
| sized arrays.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 21: Clarified the l-value restriction on <strong>interpolateAt</strong>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private OpenGL-API issue 53: Clarified bit-width requirements for location aliasing.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Public GLSL issue 15: <strong>gl_in</strong> can be redeclared using unsized-array syntax.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Clarification of the formats needed for DEPTH_COMPONENT and |
| STENCIL_COMPONENT for depth/stencil textures.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Added image formats to the layout-qualifier table in the |
| <a href="#layout-qualifiers">Layout Qualifiers</a> section.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_changes_from_revision_3_of_glsl_4_6">1.1.4. Changes from Revision 3 of GLSL 4.6</h4> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL issue 13: Fix misspelling of <strong>allInvocationsEqual</strong>(). |
| (The one in the table was incorrectly listed as <strong>anyInvocationsEqual</strong>(), |
| other spellings were correct.)</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_summary_of_changes_from_revision_7_of_glsl_version_4_50">1.1.5. Summary of Changes from Revision 7 of GLSL Version 4.50</h4> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Incorporated the GL_ARB_shader_atomic_counter_ops extension.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Incorporated the GL_ARB_shader_draw_parameters extension.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Incorporated the GL_ARB_shader_group_vote extension.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Incorporated the GL_ARB_gl_spirv extension.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private Bug 16070: Allow extra semi-colons at global scope.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL Issue 5: Be explicit that “fail to link” is really |
| “compile-time or link-time error”, for some forms of error.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL Issue 7: Change <em>gl_MaxComputeUniformComponents</em> to 1024.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private OpenGL API Issue 35: Require location on transparent individual |
| uniform variables for SPIR-V.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL Issue 8: Be more clear an <strong>interpolateAt</strong>() interpolant can |
| be a structure member.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Private GLSL Issue 9: Specify how <strong>xfb_buffer</strong> interacts with a block |
| array: the capturing buffer increments for each block array element.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="overview">1.2. Overview</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This document describes <em>The OpenGL Shading Language, version 4.60</em>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Independent compilation units written in this language are called <em>shaders</em>. |
| A <em>program</em> is a set of shaders that are compiled and linked |
| together, |
| completely creating one or more of the programmable stages of the |
| API pipeline. |
| All the shaders for a single programmable stage must be within the same |
| program. |
| A complete set of programmable stages can be put into a single program or |
| the stages can be partitioned across multiple programs. |
| The aim of this document is to thoroughly specify the programming language. |
| The <a href="#references">normative references</a> will specify the API entry points |
| used to manipulate and communicate with programs and shaders.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="error-handling">1.3. Error Handling</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Compilers, in general, accept programs that are ill-formed, due to the |
| impossibility of detecting all ill-formed programs. |
| Portability is only ensured for well-formed programs, which this |
| specification describes. |
| Compilers are encouraged to detect ill-formed programs and issue diagnostic |
| messages, but are not required to do so for all cases. |
| Compile-time errors must be returned for lexically or grammatically |
| incorrect shaders. |
| Other errors are reported at compile time or link time as indicated. |
| Code that is “dead” must still be error checked. |
| For example:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="predefined-constant">false</span>) <span class="comment">// changing false to true cannot uncover additional errors</span> |
| statement; <span class="comment">// statement must be error checked regardless</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="typographical-conventions">1.4. Typographical Conventions</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Italic, bold, and font choices have been used in this specification |
| primarily to improve readability. |
| Code fragments use a fixed width font. |
| Identifiers embedded in text are italicized. |
| Keywords embedded in text are bold. |
| Operators are called by their name, followed by their symbol in bold in |
| parentheses. |
| The clarifying grammar fragments in the text use bold for literals and |
| italics for non-terminals. |
| The official grammar in “<a href="#shading-language-grammar">Shading Language |
| Grammar</a>” uses all capitals for terminals and lower case for |
| non-terminals.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="deprecation">1.5. Deprecation</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The OpenGL Shading Language has deprecated some features. |
| These are clearly called out in this specification as “deprecated”. |
| They are still present in this version of the language, but are targeted for |
| potential removal in a future version of the shading language. |
| The OpenGL API has a forward compatibility mode that will disallow use of |
| deprecated features. |
| If compiling in a mode where use of deprecated features is disallowed, their |
| use causes compile-time or link-time errors. |
| See the <a href="#references">OpenGL Specification</a> for details on what causes deprecated |
| language features to be accepted or to return an error.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="overview-of-opengl-shading">2. Overview of Shading</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The OpenGL Shading Language is actually several closely related languages. |
| These languages are used to create shaders for each of the programmable |
| processors contained in the API’s processing pipeline. |
| Currently, these processors are the vertex, tessellation control, |
| tessellation evaluation, geometry, fragment, and compute processors.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Unless otherwise noted in this paper, a language feature applies to all |
| languages, and common usage will refer to these languages as a single |
| language. |
| The specific languages will be referred to by the name of the processor they |
| target: vertex, tessellation control, tessellation evaluation, geometry, |
| fragment, or compute.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Most API state is not tracked or made available to shaders. |
| Typically, user-defined variables will be used for communicating between |
| different stages of the API pipeline. |
| However, a small amount of state is still tracked and automatically made |
| available to shaders, and there are a few built-in variables for interfaces |
| between different stages of the API pipeline.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="vertex-processor">2.1. Vertex Processor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>vertex processor</em> is a programmable unit that operates on incoming |
| vertices and their associated data. |
| Compilation units written in the OpenGL Shading Language to run on this processor are called |
| <em>vertex shaders</em>. |
| When a set of vertex shaders are successfully compiled and linked, they |
| result in a <em>vertex shader executable</em> that runs on the vertex processor.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The vertex processor operates on one vertex at a time. |
| It does not replace graphics operations that require knowledge of several |
| vertices at a time.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="tessellation-control-processor">2.2. Tessellation Control Processor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>tessellation control processor</em> is a programmable unit that operates on |
| a patch of incoming vertices and their associated data, emitting a new |
| output patch. |
| Compilation units written in the OpenGL Shading Language to run on this processor are called |
| tessellation control shaders. |
| When a set of tessellation control shaders are successfully compiled and |
| linked, they result in a <em>tessellation control shader executable</em> that runs |
| on the tessellation control processor.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The tessellation control shader is invoked for each vertex of the output |
| patch. |
| Each invocation can read the attributes of any vertex in the input or output |
| patches, but can only write per-vertex attributes for the corresponding |
| output patch vertex. |
| The shader invocations collectively produce a set of per-patch attributes |
| for the output patch.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>After all tessellation control shader invocations have completed, the output |
| vertices and per-patch attributes are assembled to form a patch to be used |
| by subsequent pipeline stages.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Tessellation control shader invocations run mostly independently, with |
| undefined relative execution order. |
| However, the built-in function <strong>barrier</strong>() can be used to control execution |
| order by synchronizing invocations, effectively dividing tessellation |
| control shader execution into a set of phases. |
| Tessellation control shaders will get undefined results if one invocation |
| reads from a per-vertex or per-patch attribute written by another invocation |
| at any point during the same phase, or if two invocations attempt to write |
| different values to the same per-patch output |
| 32-bit component |
| in a single phase.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="tessellation-evaluation-processor">2.3. Tessellation Evaluation Processor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>tessellation evaluation processor</em> is a programmable unit that |
| evaluates the position and other attributes of a vertex generated by the |
| tessellation primitive generator, using a patch of incoming vertices and |
| their associated data. |
| Compilation units written in the OpenGL Shading Language to run on this processor are called |
| tessellation evaluation shaders. |
| When a set of tessellation evaluation shaders are successfully compiled and |
| linked, they result in a <em>tessellation evaluation shader executable</em> that |
| runs on the tessellation evaluation processor.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Each invocation of the tessellation evaluation executable computes the |
| position and attributes of a single vertex generated by the tessellation |
| primitive generator. |
| The executable can read the attributes of any vertex in the input patch, |
| plus the tessellation coordinate, which is the relative location of the |
| vertex in the primitive being tessellated. |
| The executable writes the position and other attributes of the vertex.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="geometry-processor">2.4. Geometry Processor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>geometry processor</em> is a programmable unit that operates on data for |
| incoming vertices for a primitive assembled after vertex processing and |
| outputs a sequence of vertices forming output primitives. |
| Compilation units written in the OpenGL Shading Language to run on this processor are called |
| <em>geometry shaders</em>. |
| When a set of geometry shaders are successfully compiled and linked, they |
| result in a <em>geometry shader executable</em> that runs on the geometry |
| processor.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A single invocation of the geometry shader executable on the geometry |
| processor will operate on a declared input primitive with a fixed number of |
| vertices. |
| This single invocation can emit a variable number of vertices that are |
| assembled into primitives of a declared output primitive type and passed to |
| subsequent pipeline stages.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="fragment-processor">2.5. Fragment Processor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>fragment processor</em> is a programmable unit that operates on fragment |
| values and their associated data. |
| Compilation units written in the OpenGL Shading Language to run on this processor are called |
| <em>fragment shaders</em>. |
| When a set of fragment shaders are successfully compiled and linked, they |
| result in a <em>fragment shader executable</em> that runs on the fragment |
| processor.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A fragment shader cannot change a fragment’s (<em>x</em>, <em>y</em>) position. |
| Access to neighboring fragments is not allowed. |
| The values computed by the fragment shader are ultimately used to update |
| framebuffer memory or texture memory, depending on the current API |
| state and the API command that caused the fragments to be generated.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="compute-processor">2.6. Compute Processor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>compute processor</em> is a programmable unit that operates independently |
| from the other shader processors. |
| Compilation units written in the OpenGL Shading Language to run on this processor are called |
| <em>compute shaders</em>. |
| When a set of compute shaders are successfully compiled and linked, they |
| result in a <em>compute shader executable</em> that runs on the compute processor.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A compute shader has access to many of the same resources as fragment and |
| other shader processors, such as textures, buffers, image variables, and |
| atomic counters. |
| It does not have fixed-function outputs. |
| It is not part of the graphics pipeline and its visible side effects are |
| through changes to images, storage buffers, and atomic counters.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A compute shader operates on a group of work items called a <em>workgroup</em>. |
| A workgroup is a collection of shader invocations that execute the same |
| code, potentially in parallel. |
| An invocation within a workgroup may share data with other members of the |
| same workgroup through shared variables and issue memory and control flow |
| barriers to synchronize with other members of the same workgroup.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="basics">3. Basics</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="character-set">3.1. Character Set and Phases of Compilation</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The source character set used for the OpenGL Shading Language is Unicode in the UTF-8 |
| encoding scheme.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>After preprocessing, only the following characters are allowed in the |
| resulting stream of GLSL tokens:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>The letters <strong>a-z</strong>, <strong>A-Z</strong>, and the underscore (<strong>_</strong>).</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The numbers <strong>0-9</strong>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The symbols period (<strong>.</strong>), plus (<strong>+</strong>), dash (<strong>-</strong>), slash (<strong>/</strong>), asterisk |
| (<strong>*</strong>), percent (<strong>%</strong>), angled brackets (<strong><</strong> and <strong>></strong>), square brackets |
| (<strong>[</strong> and <strong>]</strong>), parentheses (<strong>(</strong> and <strong>)</strong>), braces (<strong>{</strong> and <strong>}</strong>), caret |
| (<strong>^</strong>), vertical bar (<strong>|</strong>), ampersand (<strong>&</strong>), tilde (<strong>~</strong>), equals (<strong>=</strong>), |
| exclamation point (<strong>!</strong>), colon (<strong>:</strong>), semicolon (<strong>;</strong>), comma (<strong>,</strong>), and |
| question mark (<strong>?</strong>).</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A compile-time error will be given if any other character is used in a GLSL |
| token.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There are no digraphs or trigraphs. |
| There are no escape sequences or other uses of the backslash beyond use as |
| the line-continuation character.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Lines are relevant for compiler diagnostic messages and the preprocessor. |
| They are terminated by carriage-return or line-feed. |
| If both are used together, it will count as only a single line termination. |
| For the remainder of this document, any of these combinations is simply |
| referred to as a new-line. |
| Lines may be of arbitrary length.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In general, the language’s use of this character set is case sensitive.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There are no character or string data types, so no quoting characters are |
| included.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There is no end-of-file character.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>More formally, compilation happens as if the following logical phases were |
| executed in order:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="olist arabic"> |
| <ol class="arabic"> |
| <li> |
| <p>Source strings are concatenated to form a single input. |
| All provided new-lines are retained.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Line numbering is noted, based on all present new-lines, and does not |
| change when new-lines are later eliminated.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Wherever a backslash ('\') occurs immediately before a new-line, both |
| are eliminated. |
| (Note no white space is substituted, allowing a single token to span a |
| new-line.) Any newly formed backslash followed by a new-line is not |
| eliminated; only those pairs originally occurring after phase 1 are |
| eliminated.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>All comments are replaced with a single space. |
| (Note that '//' style comments end before their terminating new-lines |
| and white space is generally relevant to preprocessing.)</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Preprocessing is done, resulting in a sequence of GLSL tokens, formed |
| from the character set stated above.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>GLSL processing is done on the sequence of GLSL tokens.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ol> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Details that fully define source strings, comments, line numbering, new-line |
| elimination, and preprocessing are all discussed in upcoming sections. |
| Sections beyond those describe GLSL processing.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="source-strings">3.2. Source Strings</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The source for a single shader is an array of strings of characters from the |
| character set. |
| A single shader is made from the concatenation of these strings. |
| Each string can contain multiple lines, separated by new-lines. |
| No new-lines need be present in a string; a single line can be formed from |
| multiple strings. |
| No new-lines or other characters are inserted by the implementation when it |
| concatenates the strings to form a single shader. |
| Multiple shaders can be linked together to form a single program.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Diagnostic messages returned from compiling a shader must identify both the |
| line number within a string and which source string the message applies to. |
| Source strings are counted sequentially with the first string being string |
| 0. |
| Line numbers are one more than the number of new-lines that have been |
| processed, including counting the new-lines that will be removed by the |
| line-continuation character (<strong>\</strong>).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Lines separated by the line-continuation character preceding a new-line are |
| concatenated together before either comment processing or preprocessing. |
| This means that no white space is substituted for the line-continuation |
| character. |
| That is, a single token could be formed by the concatenation by taking the |
| characters at the end of one line concatenating them with the characters at |
| the beginning of the next line.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="predefined-type">float</span> f\ |
| oo; |
| <span class="comment">// forms a single line equivalent to "float foo;"</span> |
| <span class="comment">// (assuming '\' is the last character before the new-line and "oo" are</span> |
| <span class="comment">// the first two characters of the next line)</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="preprocessor">3.3. Preprocessor</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There is a preprocessor that processes the source strings as part of the |
| compilation process. |
| Except as noted below, it behaves as the C++ standard preprocessor (see |
| “<a href="#references">Normative References</a>”).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The complete list of preprocessor directives is as follows.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>#<br> |
| #define<br> |
| #undef<br></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>#if<br> |
| #ifdef<br> |
| #ifndef<br> |
| #else<br> |
| #elif<br> |
| #endif<br></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>#error<br> |
| #pragma<br></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>#extension<br> |
| #version<br></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>#line</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The following |
| operators are |
| also available:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>defined<br> |
| ##</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Each number sign (<strong>#</strong>) can be preceded in its line only by spaces or |
| horizontal tabs. |
| It may also be followed by spaces and horizontal tabs, preceding the |
| directive. |
| Each directive is terminated by a new-line. |
| Preprocessing does not change the number or relative location of new-lines |
| in a source string. |
| Preprocessing takes places after new-lines have been removed by the |
| line-continuation character.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The number sign (<strong>#</strong>) on a line by itself is ignored. |
| Any directive not listed above will cause a compile-time error.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><strong>#define</strong> and <strong>#undef</strong> functionality are defined as is standard for C++ |
| preprocessors for macro definitions both with and without macro parameters.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The following predefined macros are available:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>__LINE__<br> |
| __FILE__<br> |
| __VERSION__<br></p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>__LINE__ will substitute a decimal integer constant that is one more than |
| the number of preceding new-lines in the current source string.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>__FILE__ will substitute a decimal integer constant that says which source |
| string number is currently being processed.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>__VERSION__ will substitute a decimal integer reflecting the version |
| number of the OpenGL Shading Language. |
| The version of the shading language described in this document will have |
| __VERSION__ substitute the decimal integer 460.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>By convention, all macro names containing two consecutive underscores (__) |
| are reserved for use by underlying software layers. |
| Defining |
| or undefining |
| such a name in a shader does not itself result in an error, but may |
| result in unintended behaviors that stem from having multiple definitions of |
| the same name. |
| All macro names prefixed with “GL_” (“GL” followed by a single |
| underscore) are also reserved, and defining |
| or undefining |
| such a name results in a compile-time error.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Implementations must support macro-name lengths of up to 1024 characters. |
| Implementations are allowed to generate an error for a macro name of length |
| greater than 1024 characters, but are also allowed to support lengths |
| greater than 1024.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><strong>#if</strong>, <strong>#ifdef</strong>, <strong>#ifndef</strong>, <strong>#else</strong>, <strong>#elif</strong>, and <strong>#endif</strong> are defined to |
| operate as is standard for C++ preprocessors except for the following:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Expressions following <strong>#if</strong> and <strong>#elif</strong> are |
| further restricted to |
| expressions operating on literal integer constants, plus identifiers |
| consumed by the <strong>defined</strong> operator.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Character constants are not supported.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The operators available are as follows.</p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 25%;"> |
| <col style="width: 25%;"> |
| <col style="width: 25%;"> |
| <col style="width: 25%;"> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Precedence</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Operator class</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Operators</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Associativity</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">1 (highest)</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">parenthetical grouping</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">( )</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">NA</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">2</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">unary</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">defined<br> |
| + - ~ !</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Right to Left</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">3</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">multiplicative</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">* / %</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">4</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">additive</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">+ -</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">5</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">bit-wise shift</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><< >></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">6</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">relational</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">< > <= >=</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">7</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">equality</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">== !=</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">8</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">bit-wise and</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">&</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">9</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">bit-wise exclusive or</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">^</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">10</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">bit-wise inclusive or</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">|</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">11</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">logical and</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">&&</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">12 (lowest)</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">logical inclusive or</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">||</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left to Right</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <strong>defined</strong> operator can be used in either of the following ways:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++">defined identifier |
| defined ( identifier )</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Two tokens in a macro can be concatenated into one token using the token |
| pasting (<strong>##</strong>) operator, as is standard for C++ preprocessors. |
| The result must be a valid single token, which will then be subject to macro |
| expansion. |
| That is, macro expansion happens only after token pasting. |
| There are no other number sign based operators (e.g. no <strong>#</strong> or <strong>#@</strong>), nor is |
| there a <strong>sizeof</strong> operator.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The semantics of applying operators to integer literals in the preprocessor |
| match those standard in the C++ preprocessor, not those in the OpenGL Shading Language.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Preprocessor expressions will be evaluated according to the behavior of the |
| host processor, not the processor targeted by the shader.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><strong>#error</strong> will cause the implementation to put a compile-time diagnostic message |
| into the shader object’s information log (see section 7.12 “Shader, Program |
| and Program Pipeline Queries” of the <a href="#references">OpenGL Specification</a> for how to |
| access a shader object’s information log). |
| The message will be the tokens following the <strong>#error</strong> directive, up to the |
| first new-line. |
| The implementation must treat the presence of a <strong>#error</strong> directive as a |
| compile-time error.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><strong>#pragma</strong> allows implementation-dependent compiler control. |
| Tokens following <strong>#pragma</strong> are not subject to preprocessor macro expansion. |
| If an implementation does not recognize the tokens following <strong>#pragma</strong>, then |
| it will ignore that pragma. |
| The following pragmas are defined as part of the language.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#pragma</span> STDGL</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <strong>STDGL</strong> pragma is used to reserve pragmas for use by future revisions of |
| this language. |
| No implementation may use a pragma whose first token is <strong>STDGL</strong>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#pragma</span> optimize(on) |
| <span class="preprocessor">#pragma</span> optimize(off)</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>can be used to turn off optimizations as an aid in developing and debugging |
| shaders. |
| It can only be used outside function definitions. |
| By default, optimization is turned on for all shaders. |
| The debug pragma</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#pragma</span> debug(on) |
| <span class="preprocessor">#pragma</span> debug(off)</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>can be used to enable compiling and annotating a shader with debug |
| information, so that it can be used with a debugger. |
| It can only be used outside function definitions. |
| By default, debug is turned off.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Shaders should declare the version of the language they are written to. |
| The language version a shader is written to is specified by</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#version</span> number profile_opt</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>where <em>number</em> must be a version of the language, following the same |
| convention as __VERSION__ above. |
| The directive “<strong>#version 460</strong>” is required in any shader that |
| uses version 4.60 of the language. |
| Any <em>number</em> representing a version of the language a compiler does not |
| support will cause a compile-time error to be generated. |
| Version 1.10 of the language does not require shaders to include this |
| directive, and shaders that do not include a <strong>#version</strong> directive will be |
| treated as targeting version 1.10. |
| Shaders that specify <strong>#version</strong> 100 will be treated as targeting version |
| 1.00 of the OpenGL ES Shading Language. |
| Shaders that specify <strong>#version</strong> 300 will be treated as targeting version |
| 3.00 of the OpenGL ES Shading Language. |
| Shaders that specify <strong>#version</strong> 310 will be treated as targeting version |
| 3.10 of the OpenGL ES Shading Language.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If the optional <em>profile</em> argument is provided, it must be the name of an |
| OpenGL profile. |
| Currently, there are three choices:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++">core |
| compatibility |
| es</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A <em>profile</em> argument can only be used with version 150 or greater. |
| If no profile argument is provided and the version is 150 or greater, the |
| default is <strong>core</strong>. |
| If version 300 or 310 is specified, the profile argument is not optional and |
| must be <strong>es</strong>, or a compile-time error results. |
| The Language Specification for the <strong>es</strong> profile is specified in The OpenGL |
| ES Shading Language specification.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Shaders for the <strong>core</strong> or <strong>compatibility</strong> profiles that declare different |
| versions can be linked together. |
| However, <strong>es</strong> profile shaders cannot be linked with non-<strong>es</strong> profile shaders |
| or with <strong>es</strong> profile shaders of a different version, or a link-time error |
| will result. |
| When linking shaders of versions allowed by these rules, remaining link-time |
| errors will be given as per the linking rules in the GLSL version |
| corresponding to the version of the context the shaders are linked under. |
| Shader compile-time errors must still be given strictly based on the version |
| declared (or defaulted to) within each shader.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Unless otherwise specified, this specification is documenting the core |
| profile, and everything specified for the core profile is also available in |
| the compatibility profile. |
| Features specified as belonging specifically to the compatibility profile |
| are not available in the core profile. |
| Compatibility-profile features are not available when generating SPIR-V.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There is a built-in macro definition for each profile the implementation |
| supports. |
| All implementations provide the following macro:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#define</span> GL_core_profile <span class="integer">1</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Implementations providing the <strong>compatibility</strong> profile provide the following |
| macro:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#define</span> GL_compatibility_profile <span class="integer">1</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Implementations providing the <strong>es</strong> profile provide the following macro:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#define</span> GL_es_profile <span class="integer">1</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <strong>#version</strong> directive must occur in a shader before anything else, except |
| for comments and white space.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>By default, compilers of this language must issue compile-time |
| lexical |
| and |
| grammatical errors for shaders that do not conform to this specification. |
| Any extended behavior must first be enabled. |
| Directives to control the behavior of the compiler with respect to |
| extensions are declared with the <strong>#extension</strong> directive</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#extension</span> extension_name : behavior |
| <span class="preprocessor">#extension</span> all : behavior</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>where <em>extension_name</em> is the name of an extension. |
| Extension names are not documented in this specification. |
| The token <strong>all</strong> means the behavior applies to all extensions supported by |
| the compiler. |
| The <em>behavior</em> can be one of the following:</p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 50%;"> |
| <col style="width: 50%;"> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Behavior</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Effect</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><strong>require</strong></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Behave as specified by the extension <em>extension_name</em>.<br> |
| Give a compile-time error on the <strong>#extension</strong> if the extension |
| <em>extension_name</em> is not supported, or if <strong>all</strong> is specified.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><strong>enable</strong></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Behave as specified by the extension <em>extension_name</em>.<br> |
| Warn on the <strong>#extension</strong> if the extension <em>extension_name</em> is |
| not supported.<br> |
| Give a compile-time error on the <strong>#extension</strong> if <strong>all</strong> is |
| specified.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><strong>warn</strong></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Behave as specified by the extension <em>extension_name</em>, |
| except issue warnings on any detectable use of that extension, |
| unless such use is supported by other enabled or required |
| extensions.<br> |
| If <strong>all</strong> is specified, then warn on all detectable uses of any |
| extension used.<br> |
| Warn on the <strong>#extension</strong> if the extension <em>extension_name</em> is |
| not supported.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><strong>disable</strong></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Behave (including issuing errors and warnings) as if the |
| extension <em>extension_name</em> is not part of the language |
| definition.<br> |
| If <strong>all</strong> is specified, then behavior must revert back to that |
| of the non-extended core version of the language being |
| compiled to.<br> |
| Warn on the <strong>#extension</strong> if the extension <em>extension_name</em> is |
| not supported.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <strong>extension</strong> directive is a simple, low-level mechanism to set the |
| behavior for each extension. |
| It does not define policies such as which combinations are appropriate, |
| those must be defined elsewhere. |
| Order of directives matters in setting the behavior for each extension: |
| Directives that occur later override those seen earlier. |
| The <strong>all</strong> variant sets the behavior for all extensions, overriding all |
| previously issued <strong>extension</strong> directives, but only for the <em>behaviors</em> |
| <strong>warn</strong> and <strong>disable</strong>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The initial state of the compiler is as if the directive</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#extension</span> all : disable</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>was issued, telling the compiler that all error and warning reporting must |
| be done according to this specification, ignoring any extensions.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Each extension can define its allowed granularity of scope. |
| If nothing is said, the granularity is a shader (that is, a single |
| compilation unit), and the extension directives must occur before any |
| non-preprocessor tokens. |
| If necessary, the linker can enforce granularities larger than a single |
| compilation unit, in which case each involved shader will have to contain |
| the necessary extension directive.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Macro expansion is not done on lines containing <strong>#extension</strong> and <strong>#version</strong> |
| directives.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><strong>#line</strong> must have, after macro substitution, one of the following forms:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#line</span> line |
| <span class="preprocessor">#line</span> line source-<span class="predefined-type">string</span>-number</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>where <em>line</em> and <em>source-string-number</em> are |
| constant integer expressions. |
| If these constant expressions are not integer literals then behavior is undefined. |
| After processing this directive (including its new-line), the implementation |
| will behave as if it is compiling at line number <em>line</em> and source string |
| number <em>source-string-number</em>. |
| Subsequent source strings will be numbered sequentially, until another |
| <strong>#line</strong> directive overrides that numbering.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonitionblock note"> |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="icon"> |
| <i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i> |
| </td> |
| <td class="content"> |
| <div class="title">Note</div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Some implementations have allowed constant expressions in #line directives and |
| some have not. Even where expressions are supported the grammar is ambiguous and so |
| results are implementation dependent. For example, |
| + #line +2 +2 // Line number set to 4, or file to 2 and line to 2</p> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When shaders are compiled for OpenGL SPIR-V, the following predefined |
| macro is available:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#define</span> GL_SPIRV <span class="integer">100</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When targeting Vulkan, the following predefined macro is available:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="preprocessor">#define</span> VULKAN <span class="integer">100</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="comments">3.4. Comments</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Comments are delimited by <strong>/*</strong> and <strong>*/</strong>, or by <strong>//</strong> and a new-line. |
| The begin comment delimiters (/* or //) are not recognized as comment |
| delimiters inside of a comment, hence comments cannot be nested. |
| A <strong>/*</strong> comment includes its terminating delimiter (*/). |
| However, a <strong>//</strong> comment does not include (or eliminate) its terminating new |
| line.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Inside comments, any byte values may be used, except a byte whose value is |
| 0. |
| No errors will be given for the content of comments and no validation on the |
| content of comments need be done.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Removal of new-lines by the line-continuation character (<strong>\</strong>) logically |
| occurs before comments are processed. |
| That is, a single-line comment ending in the line-continuation character |
| (<strong>\</strong>) includes the next line in the comment.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="comment">// a single-line comment containing the next line \ |
| a = b; // this is still in the first comment</span></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="tokens">3.5. Tokens</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The language, after preprocessing, is a sequence of tokens. |
| A token can be</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="openblock bnf"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><em>token</em> : </dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><em>keyword</em><br> |
| <em>identifier</em><br> |
| <em>integer-constant</em><br> |
| <em>floating-constant</em><br> |
| <em>operator</em><br> |
| <strong>;</strong> <strong>{</strong> <strong>}</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="keywords">3.6. Keywords</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The following are the keywords in the language and (after |
| preprocessing) can only be used as described in this specification, |
| or a compile-time error results:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>const</strong> <strong>uniform</strong> <strong>buffer</strong> <strong>shared</strong> |
| <strong>attribute</strong> <strong>varying</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>coherent</strong> <strong>volatile</strong> <strong>restrict</strong> <strong>readonly</strong> <strong>writeonly</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>atomic_uint</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>layout</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>centroid</strong> <strong>flat</strong> <strong>smooth</strong> |
| <strong>noperspective</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>patch</strong> <strong>sample</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>invariant</strong> <strong>precise</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>break</strong> <strong>continue</strong> <strong>do</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>while</strong> <strong>switch</strong> <strong>case</strong> <strong>default</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>if</strong> <strong>else</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>subroutine</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>in</strong> <strong>out</strong> <strong>inout</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>int</strong> <strong>void</strong> <strong>bool</strong> <strong>true</strong> <strong>false</strong> <strong>float</strong> |
| <strong>double</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>discard</strong> <strong>return</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>vec2</strong> <strong>vec3</strong> <strong>vec4</strong> <strong>ivec2</strong> <strong>ivec3</strong> <strong>ivec4</strong> <strong>bvec2</strong> <strong>bvec3</strong> <strong>bvec4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>uint</strong> <strong>uvec2</strong> <strong>uvec3</strong> <strong>uvec4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>dvec2</strong> <strong>dvec3</strong> <strong>dvec4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>mat2</strong> <strong>mat3</strong> <strong>mat4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>mat2x2</strong> <strong>mat2x3</strong> <strong>mat2x4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>mat3x2</strong> <strong>mat3x3</strong> <strong>mat3x4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>mat4x2</strong> <strong>mat4x3</strong> <strong>mat4x4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>dmat2</strong> <strong>dmat3</strong> <strong>dmat4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>dmat2x2</strong> <strong>dmat2x3</strong> <strong>dmat2x4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>dmat3x2</strong> <strong>dmat3x3</strong> <strong>dmat3x4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>dmat4x2</strong> <strong>dmat4x3</strong> <strong>dmat4x4</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>lowp</strong> <strong>mediump</strong> <strong>highp</strong> <strong>precision</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler1D</strong> <strong>sampler1DShadow</strong> <strong>sampler1DArray</strong> <strong>sampler1DArrayShadow</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>isampler1D</strong> <strong>isampler1DArray</strong> <strong>usampler1D</strong> <strong>usampler1DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler2D</strong> <strong>sampler2DShadow</strong> <strong>sampler2DArray</strong> <strong>sampler2DArrayShadow</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>isampler2D</strong> <strong>isampler2DArray</strong> <strong>usampler2D</strong> <strong>usampler2DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler2DRect</strong> <strong>sampler2DRectShadow</strong> <strong>isampler2DRect</strong> <strong>usampler2DRect</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler2DMS</strong> <strong>isampler2DMS</strong> <strong>usampler2DMS</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler2DMSArray</strong> <strong>isampler2DMSArray</strong> <strong>usampler2DMSArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler3D</strong> <strong>isampler3D</strong> <strong>usampler3D</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>samplerCube</strong> <strong>samplerCubeShadow</strong> <strong>isamplerCube</strong> <strong>usamplerCube</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>samplerCubeArray</strong> <strong>samplerCubeArrayShadow</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>isamplerCubeArray</strong> <strong>usamplerCubeArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>samplerBuffer</strong> <strong>isamplerBuffer</strong> <strong>usamplerBuffer</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image1D</strong> <strong>iimage1D</strong> <strong>uimage1D</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image1DArray</strong> <strong>iimage1DArray</strong> <strong>uimage1DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image2D</strong> <strong>iimage2D</strong> <strong>uimage2D</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image2DArray</strong> <strong>iimage2DArray</strong> <strong>uimage2DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image2DRect</strong> <strong>iimage2DRect</strong> <strong>uimage2DRect</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image2DMS</strong> <strong>iimage2DMS</strong> <strong>uimage2DMS</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image2DMSArray</strong> <strong>iimage2DMSArray</strong> <strong>uimage2DMSArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>image3D</strong> <strong>iimage3D</strong> <strong>uimage3D</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>imageCube</strong> <strong>iimageCube</strong> <strong>uimageCube</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>imageCubeArray</strong> <strong>iimageCubeArray</strong> <strong>uimageCubeArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>imageBuffer</strong> <strong>iimageBuffer</strong> <strong>uimageBuffer</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>struct</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In addition, when targeting Vulkan, the following keywords also exist:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>texture1D</strong> <strong>texture1DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>itexture1D</strong> <strong>itexture1DArray</strong> <strong>utexture1D</strong> <strong>utexture1DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>texture2D</strong> <strong>texture2DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>itexture2D</strong> <strong>itexture2DArray</strong> <strong>utexture2D</strong> <strong>utexture2DArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>texture2DRect</strong> <strong>itexture2DRect</strong> <strong>utexture2DRect</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>texture2DMS</strong> <strong>itexture2DMS</strong> <strong>utexture2DMS</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>texture2DMSArray</strong> <strong>itexture2DMSArray</strong> <strong>utexture2DMSArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>texture3D</strong> <strong>itexture3D</strong> <strong>utexture3D</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>textureCube</strong> <strong>itextureCube</strong> <strong>utextureCube</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>textureCubeArray</strong> <strong>itextureCubeArray</strong> <strong>utextureCubeArray</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>textureBuffer</strong> <strong>itextureBuffer</strong> <strong>utextureBuffer</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>sampler</strong> <strong>samplerShadow</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>subpassInput</strong> <strong>isubpassInput</strong> <strong>usubpassInput</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>subpassInputMS</strong> <strong>isubpassInputMS</strong> <strong>usubpassInputMS</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The following are the keywords reserved for future use. |
| Using them will result in a compile-time error:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>common</strong> <strong>partition</strong> <strong>active</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>asm</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>class</strong> <strong>union</strong> <strong>enum</strong> <strong>typedef</strong> <strong>template</strong> <strong>this</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>resource</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>goto</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>inline</strong> <strong>noinline</strong> <strong>public</strong> <strong>static</strong> <strong>extern</strong> <strong>external</strong> <strong>interface</strong></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p><strong>long</strong> <strong>short</strong> <strong>half</strong> <strong>fixed</strong> <strong>unsigned</strong> <strong>superp</strong></p> |
|
