| /* |
| ******************************************************************************* |
| * Copyright (C) 2007-2010, International Business Machines Corporation and |
| * others. All Rights Reserved. |
| ******************************************************************************* |
| * |
| |
| * File PLURFMT.H |
| * |
| * Modification History:* |
| * Date Name Description |
| * |
| ******************************************************************************** |
| */ |
| |
| #ifndef PLURFMT |
| #define PLURFMT |
| |
| #include "unicode/utypes.h" |
| |
| /** |
| * \file |
| * \brief C++ API: PluralFormat object |
| */ |
| |
| #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING |
| |
| #include "unicode/numfmt.h" |
| #include "unicode/plurrule.h" |
| |
| U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN |
| |
| class Hashtable; |
| |
| /** |
| * <p> |
| * <code>PluralFormat</code> supports the creation of internationalized |
| * messages with plural inflection. It is based on <i>plural |
| * selection</i>, i.e. the caller specifies messages for each |
| * plural case that can appear in the users language and the |
| * <code>PluralFormat</code> selects the appropriate message based on |
| * the number. |
| * </p> |
| * <h4>The Problem of Plural Forms in Internationalized Messages</h4> |
| * <p> |
| * Different languages have different ways to inflect |
| * plurals. Creating internationalized messages that include plural |
| * forms is only feasible when the framework is able to handle plural |
| * forms of <i>all</i> languages correctly. <code>ChoiceFormat</code> |
| * doesn't handle this well, because it attaches a number interval to |
| * each message and selects the message whose interval contains a |
| * given number. This can only handle a finite number of |
| * intervals. But in some languages, like Polish, one plural case |
| * applies to infinitely many intervals (e.g., paucal applies to |
| * numbers ending with 2, 3, or 4 except those ending with 12, 13, or |
| * 14). Thus <code>ChoiceFormat</code> is not adequate. |
| * </p><p> |
| * <code>PluralFormat</code> deals with this by breaking the problem |
| * into two parts: |
| * <ul> |
| * <li>It uses <code>PluralRules</code> that can define more complex |
| * conditions for a plural case than just a single interval. These plural |
| * rules define both what plural cases exist in a language, and to |
| * which numbers these cases apply. |
| * <li>It provides predefined plural rules for many locales. Thus, the programmer |
| * need not worry about the plural cases of a language. On the flip side, |
| * the localizer does not have to specify the plural cases; he can simply |
| * use the predefined keywords. The whole plural formatting of messages can |
| * be done using localized patterns from resource bundles. For predefined plural |
| * rules, see CLDR <i>Language Plural Rules</i> page at |
| * http://unicode.org/repos/cldr-tmp/trunk/diff/supplemental/language_plural_rules.html |
| * </ul> |
| * </p> |
| * <h4>Usage of <code>PluralFormat</code></h4> |
| * <p> |
| * This discussion assumes that you use <code>PluralFormat</code> with |
| * a predefined set of plural rules. You can create one using one of |
| * the constructors that takes a <code>locale</code> object. To |
| * specify the message pattern, you can either pass it to the |
| * constructor or set it explicitly using the |
| * <code>applyPattern()</code> method. The <code>format()</code> |
| * method takes a number object and selects the message of the |
| * matching plural case. This message will be returned. |
| * </p> |
| * <h5>Patterns and Their Interpretation</h5> |
| * <p> |
| * The pattern text defines the message output for each plural case of the |
| * used locale. The pattern is a sequence of |
| * <code><i>caseKeyword</i>{<i>message</i>}</code> clauses, separated by white |
| * space characters. Each clause assigns the message <code><i>message</i></code> |
| * to the plural case identified by <code><i>caseKeyword</i></code>. |
| * </p><p> |
| * There are 6 predefined casekeyword in ICU - 'zero', 'one', 'two', 'few', 'many' and |
| * 'other'. You always have to define a message text for the default plural case |
| * "<code>other</code>" which is contained in every rule set. If the plural |
| * rules of the <code>PluralFormat</code> object do not contain a plural case |
| * identified by <code><i>caseKeyword</i></code>, U_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_MISSING |
| * will be set to status. |
| * If you do not specify a message text for a particular plural case, the |
| * message text of the plural case "<code>other</code>" gets assigned to this |
| * plural case. If you specify more than one message for the same plural case, |
| * U_DUPLICATE_KEYWORD will be set to status. |
| * <br> |
| * Spaces between <code><i>caseKeyword</i></code> and |
| * <code><i>message</i></code> will be ignored; spaces within |
| * <code><i>message</i></code> will be preserved. |
| * </p><p> |
| * The message text for a particular plural case may contain other message |
| * format patterns. <code>PluralFormat</code> preserves these so that you |
| * can use the strings produced by <code>PluralFormat</code> with other |
| * formatters. If you are using <code>PluralFormat</code> inside a |
| * <code>MessageFormat</code> pattern, <code>MessageFormat</code> will |
| * automatically evaluate the resulting format pattern.<br> |
| * Thus, curly braces (<code>{</code>, <code>}</code>) are <i>only</i> allowed |
| * in message texts to define a nested format pattern.<br> |
| * The pound sign (<code>#</code>) will be interpreted as the number placeholder |
| * in the message text, if it is not contained in curly braces (to preserve |
| * <code>NumberFormat</code> patterns). <code>PluralFormat</code> will |
| * replace each of those pound signs by the number passed to the |
| * <code>format()</code> method. It will be formatted using a |
| * <code>NumberFormat</code> for the <code>PluralFormat</code>'s locale. If you |
| * need special number formatting, you have to explicitly specify a |
| * <code>NumberFormat</code> for the <code>PluralFormat</code> to use. |
| * </p> |
| * Example |
| * <pre> |
| * \code |
| * UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| * MessageFormat* msgFmt = new MessageFormat(UnicodeString("{0, plural, |
| * one{{0, number, C''est #,##0.0# fichier}} other {Ce sont # fichiers}} dans la liste."), |
| * Locale("fr"), status); |
| * if (U_FAILURE(status)) { |
| * return; |
| * } |
| * Formattable args1[] = {(int32_t)0}; |
| * Formattable args2[] = {(int32_t)3}; |
| * FieldPosition ignore(FieldPosition::DONT_CARE); |
| * UnicodeString result; |
| * msgFmt->format(args1, 1, result, ignore, status); |
| * cout << result << endl; |
| * result.remove(); |
| * msgFmt->format(args2, 1, result, ignore, status); |
| * cout << result << endl; |
| * \endcode |
| * </pre> |
| * Produces the output:<br> |
| * <code>C'est 0,0 fichier dans la liste.</code><br> |
| * <code>Ce sont 3 fichiers dans la liste.</code> |
| * <p> |
| * <strong>Note:</strong><br> |
| * Currently <code>PluralFormat</code> |
| * does not make use of quotes like <code>MessageFormat</code>. |
| * If you use plural format strings with <code>MessageFormat</code> and want |
| * to use a quote sign <code>'</code>, you have to write <code>''</code>. |
| * <code>MessageFormat</code> unquotes this pattern and passes the unquoted |
| * pattern to <code>PluralFormat</code>. It's a bit trickier if you use |
| * nested formats that do quoting. In the example above, we wanted to insert |
| * <code>'</code> in the number format pattern. Since |
| * <code>NumberFormat</code> supports quotes, we had to insert |
| * <code>''</code>. But since <code>MessageFormat</code> unquotes the |
| * pattern before it gets passed to <code>PluralFormat</code>, we have to |
| * double these quotes, i.e. write <code>''''</code>. |
| * </p> |
| * <h4>Defining Custom Plural Rules</h4> |
| * <p>If you need to use <code>PluralFormat</code> with custom rules, you can |
| * create a <code>PluralRules</code> object and pass it to |
| * <code>PluralFormat</code>'s constructor. If you also specify a locale in this |
| * constructor, this locale will be used to format the number in the message |
| * texts. |
| * </p><p> |
| * For more information about <code>PluralRules</code>, see |
| * {@link PluralRules}. |
| * </p> |
| * |
| * ported from Java |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| |
| class U_I18N_API PluralFormat : public Format { |
| public: |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for the default locale. |
| * This locale will be used to get the set of plural rules and for standard |
| * number formatting. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given locale. |
| * @param locale the <code>PluralFormat</code> will be configured with |
| * rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for |
| * standard number formatting. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given set of rules. |
| * The standard number formatting will be done using the default locale. |
| * @param rules defines the behavior of the <code>PluralFormat</code> |
| * object. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const PluralRules& rules, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given set of rules. |
| * The standard number formatting will be done using the given locale. |
| * @param locale the default number formatting will be done using this |
| * locale. |
| * @param rules defines the behavior of the <code>PluralFormat</code> |
| * object. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const Locale& locale, const PluralRules& rules, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given pattern string. |
| * The default locale will be used to get the set of plural rules and for |
| * standard number formatting. |
| * @param pattern the pattern for this <code>PluralFormat</code>. |
| * errors are returned to status if the pattern is invalid. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given pattern string and |
| * locale. |
| * The locale will be used to get the set of plural rules and for |
| * standard number formatting. |
| * @param locale the <code>PluralFormat</code> will be configured with |
| * rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for |
| * standard number formatting. |
| * @param pattern the pattern for this <code>PluralFormat</code>. |
| * errors are returned to status if the pattern is invalid. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const Locale& locale, const UnicodeString& pattern, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given set of rules, a |
| * pattern and a locale. |
| * @param rules defines the behavior of the <code>PluralFormat</code> |
| * object. |
| * @param pattern the pattern for this <code>PluralFormat</code>. |
| * errors are returned to status if the pattern is invalid. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const PluralRules& rules, |
| const UnicodeString& pattern, |
| UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Creates a new <code>PluralFormat</code> for a given set of rules, a |
| * pattern and a locale. |
| * @param locale the <code>PluralFormat</code> will be configured with |
| * rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for |
| * standard number formatting. |
| * @param rules defines the behavior of the <code>PluralFormat</code> |
| * object. |
| * @param pattern the pattern for this <code>PluralFormat</code>. |
| * errors are returned to status if the pattern is invalid. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const Locale& locale, |
| const PluralRules& rules, |
| const UnicodeString& pattern, |
| UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * copy constructor. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat(const PluralFormat& other); |
| |
| /** |
| * Destructor. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| virtual ~PluralFormat(); |
| |
| /** |
| * Sets the pattern used by this plural format. |
| * The method parses the pattern and creates a map of format strings |
| * for the plural rules. |
| * Patterns and their interpretation are specified in the class description. |
| * |
| * @param pattern the pattern for this plural format |
| * errors are returned to status if the pattern is invalid. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| void applyPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| |
| using Format::format; |
| |
| /** |
| * Formats a plural message for a given number. |
| * |
| * @param number a number for which the plural message should be formatted |
| * for. If no pattern has been applied to this |
| * <code>PluralFormat</code> object yet, the formatted number |
| * will be returned. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @return the string containing the formatted plural message. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| UnicodeString format(int32_t number, UErrorCode& status) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Formats a plural message for a given number. |
| * |
| * @param number a number for which the plural message should be formatted |
| * for. If no pattern has been applied to this |
| * PluralFormat object yet, the formatted number |
| * will be returned. |
| * @param status output param set to success or failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @return the string containing the formatted plural message. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| UnicodeString format(double number, UErrorCode& status) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Formats a plural message for a given number. |
| * |
| * @param number a number for which the plural message should be formatted |
| * for. If no pattern has been applied to this |
| * <code>PluralFormat</code> object yet, the formatted number |
| * will be returned. |
| * @param appendTo output parameter to receive result. |
| * result is appended to existing contents. |
| * @param pos On input: an alignment field, if desired. |
| * On output: the offsets of the alignment field. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @return the string containing the formatted plural message. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| UnicodeString& format(int32_t number, |
| UnicodeString& appendTo, |
| FieldPosition& pos, |
| UErrorCode& status) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Formats a plural message for a given number. |
| * |
| * @param number a number for which the plural message should be formatted |
| * for. If no pattern has been applied to this |
| * PluralFormat object yet, the formatted number |
| * will be returned. |
| * @param appendTo output parameter to receive result. |
| * result is appended to existing contents. |
| * @param pos On input: an alignment field, if desired. |
| * On output: the offsets of the alignment field. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @return the string containing the formatted plural message. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| UnicodeString& format(double number, |
| UnicodeString& appendTo, |
| FieldPosition& pos, |
| UErrorCode& status) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Sets the locale used by this <code>PluraFormat</code> object. |
| * Note: Calling this method resets this <code>PluraFormat</code> object, |
| * i.e., a pattern that was applied previously will be removed, |
| * and the NumberFormat is set to the default number format for |
| * the locale. The resulting format behaves the same as one |
| * constructed from {@link #PluralFormat(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status)}. |
| * @param locale the <code>locale</code> to use to configure the formatter. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| void setLocale(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Sets the number format used by this formatter. You only need to |
| * call this if you want a different number format than the default |
| * formatter for the locale. |
| * @param format the number format to use. |
| * @param status output param set to success/failure code on exit, which |
| * must not indicate a failure before the function call. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| void setNumberFormat(const NumberFormat* format, UErrorCode& status); |
| |
| /** |
| * Assignment operator |
| * |
| * @param other the PluralFormat object to copy from. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| PluralFormat& operator=(const PluralFormat& other); |
| |
| /** |
| * Return true if another object is semantically equal to this one. |
| * |
| * @param other the PluralFormat object to be compared with. |
| * @return true if other is semantically equal to this. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| virtual UBool operator==(const Format& other) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Return true if another object is semantically unequal to this one. |
| * |
| * @param other the PluralFormat object to be compared with. |
| * @return true if other is semantically unequal to this. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| virtual UBool operator!=(const Format& other) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Clones this Format object polymorphically. The caller owns the |
| * result and should delete it when done. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| virtual Format* clone(void) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Redeclared Format method. |
| * |
| * @param obj The object to be formatted into a string. |
| * @param appendTo output parameter to receive result. |
| * Result is appended to existing contents. |
| * @param pos On input: an alignment field, if desired. |
| * On output: the offsets of the alignment field. |
| * @param status output param filled with success/failure status. |
| * @return Reference to 'appendTo' parameter. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| UnicodeString& format(const Formattable& obj, |
| UnicodeString& appendTo, |
| FieldPosition& pos, |
| UErrorCode& status) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the pattern from applyPattern() or constructor(). |
| * |
| * @param appendTo output parameter to receive result. |
| * Result is appended to existing contents. |
| * @return the UnicodeString with inserted pattern. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| UnicodeString& toPattern(UnicodeString& appendTo); |
| |
| /** |
| * This method is not yet supported by <code>PluralFormat</code>. |
| * <P> |
| * Before calling, set parse_pos.index to the offset you want to start |
| * parsing at in the source. After calling, parse_pos.index is the end of |
| * the text you parsed. If error occurs, index is unchanged. |
| * <P> |
| * When parsing, leading whitespace is discarded (with a successful parse), |
| * while trailing whitespace is left as is. |
| * <P> |
| * See Format::parseObject() for more. |
| * |
| * @param source The string to be parsed into an object. |
| * @param result Formattable to be set to the parse result. |
| * If parse fails, return contents are undefined. |
| * @param parse_pos The position to start parsing at. Upon return |
| * this param is set to the position after the |
| * last character successfully parsed. If the |
| * source is not parsed successfully, this param |
| * will remain unchanged. |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| virtual void parseObject(const UnicodeString& source, |
| Formattable& result, |
| ParsePosition& parse_pos) const; |
| |
| /** |
| * ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for this class. |
| * |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| * |
| */ |
| static UClassID U_EXPORT2 getStaticClassID(void); |
| |
| /** |
| * ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for the actual class. |
| * |
| * @stable ICU 4.0 |
| */ |
| virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID() const; |
| |
| private: |
| typedef enum fmtToken { |
| none, |
| tLetter, |
| tNumber, |
| tSpace, |
| tNumberSign, |
| tLeftBrace, |
| tRightBrace |
| }fmtToken; |
| |
| Locale locale; |
| PluralRules* pluralRules; |
| UnicodeString pattern; |
| Hashtable *fParsedValuesHash; |
| NumberFormat* numberFormat; |
| NumberFormat* replacedNumberFormat; |
| |
| PluralFormat(); // default constructor not implemented |
| void init(const PluralRules* rules, const Locale& curlocale, UErrorCode& status); |
| UBool inRange(UChar ch, fmtToken& type); |
| UBool checkSufficientDefinition(); |
| void parsingFailure(); |
| UnicodeString insertFormattedNumber(double number, |
| UnicodeString& message, |
| UnicodeString& appendTo, |
| FieldPosition& pos) const; |
| void copyHashtable(Hashtable *other, UErrorCode& status); |
| }; |
| |
| U_NAMESPACE_END |
| |
| #endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING */ |
| |
| #endif // _PLURFMT |
| //eof |
