diff --git a/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.cpp b/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.cpp
index 31c0abd..ef9f620 100644
--- a/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.cpp
+++ b/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,12 @@
 namespace opt {
 
 Pass::Status UpgradeMemoryModel::Process() {
+  // TODO: This pass needs changes to support cooperative matrices.
+  if (context()->get_feature_mgr()->HasCapability(
+          SpvCapabilityCooperativeMatrixNV)) {
+    return Pass::Status::SuccessWithoutChange;
+  }
+
   // Only update Logical GLSL450 to Logical VulkanKHR.
   Instruction* memory_model = get_module()->GetMemoryModel();
   if (memory_model->GetSingleWordInOperand(0u) != SpvAddressingModelLogical ||
@@ -110,6 +116,12 @@
       }
     });
   }
+
+  UpgradeMemoryAndImages();
+  UpgradeAtomics();
+}
+
+void UpgradeMemoryModel::UpgradeMemoryAndImages() {
   for (auto& func : *get_module()) {
     func.ForEachInst([this](Instruction* inst) {
       bool is_coherent = false;
@@ -239,6 +251,50 @@
   }
 }
 
+void UpgradeMemoryModel::UpgradeAtomics() {
+  for (auto& func : *get_module()) {
+    func.ForEachInst([this](Instruction* inst) {
+      if (spvOpcodeIsAtomicOp(inst->opcode())) {
+        bool unused_coherent = false;
+        bool is_volatile = false;
+        SpvScope unused_scope = SpvScopeQueueFamilyKHR;
+        std::tie(unused_coherent, is_volatile, unused_scope) =
+            GetInstructionAttributes(inst->GetSingleWordInOperand(0));
+
+        UpgradeSemantics(inst, 2u, is_volatile);
+        if (inst->opcode() == SpvOpAtomicCompareExchange ||
+            inst->opcode() == SpvOpAtomicCompareExchangeWeak) {
+          UpgradeSemantics(inst, 3u, is_volatile);
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+void UpgradeMemoryModel::UpgradeSemantics(Instruction* inst,
+                                          uint32_t in_operand,
+                                          bool is_volatile) {
+  if (!is_volatile) return;
+
+  uint32_t semantics_id = inst->GetSingleWordInOperand(in_operand);
+  const analysis::Constant* constant =
+      context()->get_constant_mgr()->FindDeclaredConstant(semantics_id);
+  const analysis::Integer* type = constant->type()->AsInteger();
+  assert(type && type->width() == 32);
+  uint32_t value = 0;
+  if (type->IsSigned()) {
+    value = static_cast<uint32_t>(constant->GetS32());
+  } else {
+    value = constant->GetU32();
+  }
+
+  value |= SpvMemorySemanticsVolatileMask;
+  auto new_constant = context()->get_constant_mgr()->GetConstant(type, {value});
+  auto new_semantics =
+      context()->get_constant_mgr()->GetDefiningInstruction(new_constant);
+  inst->SetInOperand(in_operand, {new_semantics->result_id()});
+}
+
 std::tuple<bool, bool, SpvScope> UpgradeMemoryModel::GetInstructionAttributes(
     uint32_t id) {
   // |id| is a pointer used in a memory/image instruction. Need to determine if
diff --git a/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.h b/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.h
index 0dcd4fd..f75304e 100644
--- a/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.h
+++ b/source/opt/upgrade_memory_model.h
@@ -57,12 +57,19 @@
   // capability and extension.
   void UpgradeMemoryModelInstruction();
 
-  // Upgrades memory, image and barrier instructions.
+  // Upgrades memory, image and atomic instructions.
   // Memory and image instructions convert coherent and volatile decorations
-  // into flags on the instruction. Barriers in tessellation shaders get the
-  // output storage semantic if appropriate.
+  // into flags on the instruction.
+  // Atomic memory semantics convert volatile decoration into flags on the
+  // instruction.
   void UpgradeInstructions();
 
+  // Upgrades memory and image operands for instructions that have them.
+  void UpgradeMemoryAndImages();
+
+  // Adds the volatile memory semantic if necessary.
+  void UpgradeAtomics();
+
   // Returns whether |id| is coherent and/or volatile.
   std::tuple<bool, bool, SpvScope> GetInstructionAttributes(uint32_t id);
 
@@ -95,6 +102,11 @@
                     bool is_volatile, OperationType operation_type,
                     InstructionType inst_type);
 
+  // Modifies the semantics at |in_operand| of |inst| to include the volatile
+  // bit if |is_volatile| is true.
+  void UpgradeSemantics(Instruction* inst, uint32_t in_operand,
+                        bool is_volatile);
+
   // Returns the result id for a constant for |scope|.
   uint32_t GetScopeConstant(SpvScope scope);
 
diff --git a/test/opt/upgrade_memory_model_test.cpp b/test/opt/upgrade_memory_model_test.cpp
index 8de7e02..b012383 100644
--- a/test/opt/upgrade_memory_model_test.cpp
+++ b/test/opt/upgrade_memory_model_test.cpp
@@ -2037,4 +2037,203 @@
   SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
 }
 
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicLoad) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpDecorate {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[volatile:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant [[int:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] 32768
+; CHECK: OpAtomicLoad [[int]] {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpDecorate %ssbo_var Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%relaxed = OpConstant %int 0
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_int StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+%ld = OpAtomicLoad %int %ssbo_var %device %relaxed
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicLoadPreviousFlags) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpDecorate {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[volatile:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant [[int:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] 32834
+; CHECK: OpAtomicLoad [[int]] {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpDecorate %ssbo_var Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%acquire_ssbo = OpConstant %int 66
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_int StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+%ld = OpAtomicLoad %int %ssbo_var %device %acquire_ssbo
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicStore) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpDecorate {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[volatile:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant {{.*}} 32768
+; CHECK: OpAtomicStore {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpDecorate %ssbo_var Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%int_0 = OpConstant %int 0
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%relaxed = OpConstant %int 0
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_int StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+OpAtomicStore %ssbo_var %device %relaxed %int_0
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicStorePreviousFlags) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpDecorate {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[volatile:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant {{.*}} 32836
+; CHECK: OpAtomicStore {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpDecorate %ssbo_var Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%int_0 = OpConstant %int 0
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%release_ssbo = OpConstant %int 68
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_int StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+OpAtomicStore %ssbo_var %device %release_ssbo %int_0
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicCompareExchange) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpDecorate {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[volatile:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant [[int:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] 32768
+; CHECK: OpAtomicCompareExchange [[int]] {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile]] [[volatile]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpDecorate %ssbo_var Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%int_0 = OpConstant %int 0
+%int_1 = OpConstant %int 1
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%relaxed = OpConstant %int 0
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_int StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+%ld = OpAtomicCompareExchange %int %ssbo_var %device %relaxed %relaxed %int_0 %int_1
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicCompareExchangePreviousFlags) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpDecorate {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[volatile_acq_rel:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant [[int:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] 32840
+; CHECK: [[volatile_acq:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant [[int:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] 32834
+; CHECK: OpAtomicCompareExchange [[int]] {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile_acq_rel]] [[volatile_acq]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpDecorate %ssbo_var Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%int_0 = OpConstant %int 0
+%int_1 = OpConstant %int 1
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%acq_ssbo = OpConstant %int 66
+%acq_rel_ssbo = OpConstant %int 72
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_int StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+%ld = OpAtomicCompareExchange %int %ssbo_var %device %acq_rel_ssbo %acq_ssbo %int_0 %int_1
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UpgradeMemoryModelTest, VolatileAtomicLoadMemberDecoration) {
+  const std::string text = R"(
+; CHECK-NOT: OpMemberDecorate {{.*}} {{.*}} Volatile
+; CHECK: [[relaxed:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant {{.*}} 0
+; CHECK: [[volatile:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] = OpConstant [[int:%[a-zA-Z0-9_]+]] 32768
+; CHECK: OpAtomicLoad [[int]] {{.*}} {{.*}} [[relaxed]]
+; CHECK: OpAtomicLoad [[int]] {{.*}} {{.*}} [[volatile]]
+OpCapability Shader
+OpCapability Linkage
+OpMemoryModel Logical GLSL450
+OpMemberDecorate %struct 1 Volatile
+%void = OpTypeVoid
+%int = OpTypeInt 32 0
+%device = OpConstant %int 1
+%relaxed = OpConstant %int 0
+%int_0 = OpConstant %int 0
+%int_1 = OpConstant %int 1
+%ptr_ssbo_int = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %int
+%struct = OpTypeStruct %int %int
+%ptr_ssbo_struct = OpTypePointer StorageBuffer %struct
+%ssbo_var = OpVariable %ptr_ssbo_struct StorageBuffer
+%void_fn = OpTypeFunction %void
+%func = OpFunction %void None %void_fn
+%entry = OpLabel
+%gep0 = OpAccessChain %ptr_ssbo_int %ssbo_var %int_0
+%ld0 = OpAtomicLoad %int %gep0 %device %relaxed
+%gep1 = OpAccessChain %ptr_ssbo_int %ssbo_var %int_1
+%ld1 = OpAtomicLoad %int %gep1 %device %relaxed
+OpReturn
+OpFunctionEnd
+)";
+
+  SinglePassRunAndMatch<opt::UpgradeMemoryModel>(text, true);
+}
+
 }  // namespace