Name

    ARB_texture_gather

Name Strings

    GL_ARB_texture_gather

Contact

    Pat Brown, NVIDIA Corporation (pbrown 'at' nvidia.com)
    Bill Licea-Kane, AMD ( Bill.Licea-Kane 'at' amd.com )
    Eric Werness, NVIDIA Corporation (ewerness 'at' nvidia.com)

Contributors

    Pierre Boudier, AMD
    Eric Boumaour, AMD
    Pat Brown, NVIDIA
    Alex Chalfin, AMD
    Nick Haemel, AMD
    Evan Hart, AMD
    Bill Licea-Kane, AMD
    Benj Lipchak, AMD
    Lijun Qu, AMD
    Greg Roth, NVIDIA
    Eric Werness, NVIDIA

Notice

    Copyright (c) 2009-2014 The Khronos Group Inc. Copyright terms at
        http://www.khronos.org/registry/speccopyright.html

Status

    Complete. Approved by the ARB on July 3, 2009.

Version

    Last Modified Date:         02/26/2014
    Revision:                   8

Number

    ARB Extension #72

Dependencies

    OpenGL 1.1 is required.

    OpenGL Shading Language version 1.30 is required.

    This extension is written against the OpenGL 3.0 Specification
    (Compatibility Profile) and Version 1.30 of the OpenGL Shading Language
    Specification.

    This extension interacts with the EXT_texture_swizzle and
    ARB_texture_swizzle extensions.


Overview

    This extension provides a new set of texture functions
    (textureGather) to the shading language that determine 2x2 footprint
    that are used for linear filtering in a texture lookup, and return a
    vector consisting of the first component from each of the four
    texels in the footprint.


New Procedures and Functions

    None.

New Tokens

    Accepted by the <pname> parameter of GetBooleanv, GetIntegerv,
    GetFloatv, and GetDoublev:

        MIN_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB            0x8E5E
        MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB            0x8E5F
        MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_COMPONENTS_ARB        0x8F9F

Additions to Chapter 2 of the OpenGL 2.0 Specification (OpenGL Operation)
    None.

Additions to Chapter 3 of the OpenGL 2.0 Specification (Rasterization)

    Changes to section 3.8.8

    In subsection Scale Factor and Level of Detail replace the sentence
    beginning "If any of the offset values are outside the range of..."
    (P. 204) with

     If the value of any non-ignored component of the offset vector
     operand is outside implementation-dependent limits, the results of
     the texture lookup are undefined. For all instructions except
     textureGather, the limits are MIN_PROGRAM_TEXEL_OFFSET_ARB and
     MAX_PROGRAM_TEXEL_OFFSET_ARB. For the textureGather instruction,
     the limits are MIN_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB and
     MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB.

    Add to subsection Coordinate Wrapping and Texel Selection
    (P. 208, Prior to "And for a one-dimensional texture"):

     The textureGather and textureGatherOffset built-in shader functions
     return a vector derived from sampling a 2x2 block of texels in the image
     array of level <level_base>.  The rules for the LINEAR minification
     filter are applied to identify the four selected texels.  Each texel is
     then converted to a texture source color (Rs,Gs,Bs,As) according to table
     3.21 and then swizzled as described in the ARB_texture_swizzle extension.
     A four-component vector is then assembled by taking the Rs component from
     the swizzled texture source colors of the four texels, in the order
     T_i0_j1, T_i1_j1, T_i1_j0, and T_i0_j0.  Incomplete textures (section
     3.8.10) are considered to return a texture source color of (0,0,0,1) for
     all four source texels.

     ___________________________________________________________________
     |                                                                 |
     |   1.0  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       7|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       6|   |   |   |   |   | X | Y |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       5|   |   |   |   |   | W | Z |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       4|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       3|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       2|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       1|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |                        |
     |        +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |       0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |                        |
     |   0.0  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+                        |
     |          0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7                          |
     |       0.0                             1.0                       |
     |                                                                 |
     |  Figure 3.10a.  An example of an 8x8 texture image and the      |
     |  components returned for textureGather.  The vector (X,Y,Z,W)   |
     |  is returned, where each component is taken from the post-      |
     |  swizzle R component of the corresponding texel.                |
     |_________________________________________________________________|


    Add to Section 3.12.2, Shader Execution, Texture Access

    (p. 233) Prior to paragraph beginning "If a fragment shader uses a
    sampler..."

     Texture lookups using textureGather must only be performed on
     textures with supported formats.
     MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_COMPONENTS_ARB determines what formats
     are supported. If the value is one, only RED, ALPHA, LUMINANCE,
     INTENSITY, DEPTH, and DEPTH_STENCIL are supported. If the value is
     four, all internal formats are supported. When textureGather is
     used to sample a texture with an unsupported format, the results
     are undefined.

Additions to Chapter 4 of the OpenGL 2.0 Specification (Per-Fragment
Operations and the Frame Buffer)

    None.

Additions to Chapter 5 of the OpenGL 2.0 Specification (Special Functions)

    None.

Additions to Chapter 6 of the OpenGL 2.0 Specification (State and
State Requests)

    None.

Additions to the AGL/GLX/WGL Specifications

    None

GLX Protocol

    TBD

Errors

    None.

New State

    None.

New Implementation Dependent State
                                                                     Minimum
    Get Value                                 Type  Get Command       Value   Description            Sec.   Attrib
    --------------------------------          ----  ---------------  -------  ---------------------  ------ ------
    MIN_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB      Z    GetIntegerv        --     Min. texel offset      3.8.8  -
                                                                              for textureGather
    MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB      Z+   GetIntegerv        --     Max. texel offset      3.8.8  -
                                                                              for textureGather
    MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_COMPONENTS_ARB  Z+   GetIntegerv        --     Max. format components 3.8.8  -
                                                                              for textureGather


Modifications to The OpenGL Shading Language Specification, Version 1.10.59

    Including the following line in a shader can be used to control the
    language features described in this extension:

      #extension GL_ARB_texture_gather

    A new preprocessor #define is added to the OpenGL Shading Language:

      #define GL_ARB_texture_gather 1

    Change section 4.3.6 "Varying"

    Add to section 8.7 "Texture Lookup Functions"

    Syntax:

      gvec4 textureGather(gsampler2D sampler, vec2 coord)
      gvec4 textureGather(gsampler2DArray sampler, vec3 coord)
      gvec4 textureGather(gsamplerCube sampler, vec3 coord)
      gvec4 textureGather(gsamplerCubeArray sampler, vec4 coord)

    Description:

      The textureGather functions use the texture coordinates given by
      <coord> to determine a set of four texels to sample from the texture
      identified by <sampler>.  These functions return a four-component
      vector consisting of one component from each texel.  As described in
      the OpenGL Specification, the vector selects the post-swizzle R
      component from each of the four texels, returning:

        vec4(T_i0_j1(coord, base).r,
             T_i1_j1(coord, base).r,
             T_i1_j0(coord, base).r,
             T_i0_j0(coord, base).r)

    Syntax:

      gvec4 textureGatherOffset(gsampler2D sampler, vec2 coord, ivec2 offset)
      gvec4 textureGatherOffset(gsampler2DArray sampler, vec3 coord,
                                ivec2 offset)

    Description:

      Perform a texture gather operation as in textureGather offset by
      <offset> as described in textureOffset except that the
      implementation-dependent minimum and maximum offset values are
      given by MIN_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET and
      MAX_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET respectively.

Dependencies on ARB_texture_swizzle and EXT_texture_swizzle

    If neither ARB_texture_swizzle nor EXT_texture_swizzle is supported,
    remove the swizzling step from the description of the textureGather
    functions in the OpenGL specification.

Issues

    (1) What about the use of this extension with fixed function?

       RESOLVED: The built-in functions are added to the shading
       language only.  There is no ability to fetch four texels in
       fixed function.

    (2) What naming convention do we use for the new texture built-in
        functions?

       RESOLVED: Even though this extension is written against OpenGL
       Shading Language 1.20, we use the new texture function naming
       convention from OpenGL Shading Language 1.30.

    (3)  Should we add built-in texture functions for:
      * Fetch4 with Absolute LOD?
      * Fetch4 with Relative LOD?
      * Fetch4 with coordinate offsets?
      * Fetch4 with compare?

       RESOLVED: No.

    (4) If the texture wrap modes are not clamp_to_edge or repeat, is
        the texture treated as incomplete, or are the values returned by
        the textureGather built-in undefined?

       RESOLVED: All wrap modes will be supported and textureGather will
       return correct results.

    (5) Can both texture *AND* textureGather built-in functions
        sample from the same sampler in a shader?

       RESOLVED: Yes.

    (6) How do the textureGather functions work with sRGB textures?

       RESOLVED. Gamma-correction is applied to the texture source color
       before "gathering".  For each of the four texels sampled, the R, G,
       and B components will be gamma-corrected.  With a default texture
       swizzle, textureGather will always pick the red component from each
       of the four texels, so will return a vector with four
       gamma-corrected values.  If the R texture swizzle is set to ALPHA,
       four alpha values will be selected and those values will have no
       gamma-correction appplied.

    (7) Should textureGather lookups from multiple component formats be
        allowed?

       RESOLVED:  This extension was derived from NV_gpu_shader4_1 (which
       supported selecting the R component of multi-component textures)
       and AMD_texture_texture4 (which didn't).  To accommodate all
       implementations, an implementation-dependent query is provided to
       indicating the allowed number of components in a gathered texture
       is used.

    (8) How does texture gather interact with incomplete textures?

       RESOLVED:  For regular texture lookups, incomplete textures are
       considered to return a texel value with RGBA components of (0,0,0,1).
       For texture gather operations, each texel in the sampled footprint is
       considered to have RGBA components of (0,0,0,1).  Since this extension
       selects the R texture component of each texel in a four-texel
       footprint, a textureGather() function accessing an incomplete texture
       will return (0,0,0,0).

Revision History

    Rev.    Date      Author    Changes
    ----  --------    --------  --------------------------------------------
    8     02/26/14    Jon Leech Change MIN_PROGRAM_TEXTURE_GATHER_OFFSET_ARB
                                type from Z+ to Z (Bug 11730).       

    7     01/27/11    pbrown    Add further clarification on the interaction
                                of texture gather and incomplete textures 
                                bug 7289).

    6     09/23/10    pbrown    Clarify the interaction of texture gather
                                with swizzle (bug 5910), fixing conflicts
                                between API and GLSL spec language.
                                Consolidate into one copy in the API 
                                spec.  Fix incorrect resolution on issue
                                (5).  Minor wording updates to issues.

    5     08/02/09    Jon Leech Reformat to 80 columns and assign ARB
                                extension number.

    4     07/20/09    Jon Leech Assign missing enumerant value

    3     05/25/09     groth    Remove *offset accesses to cubemap textures

    2     05/29/09     groth    Add query for max gatherable components
                                remove undefined behavior for wrap modes

    1     05/14/09     groth    Initial revision