Name

    ARB_texture_env_combine

Name Strings

    GL_ARB_texture_env_combine

Contact

    Bimal Poddar, Intel (bimal.poddar 'at' intel.com)
    Michael Gold, NVIDIA (gold 'at' nvidia.com)
    Tom Frisinger, AMD (tom.frisinger 'at' amd.com)
    Rick Hammerstone, AMD (rick.hammerstone 'at' amd.com)

Notice

    Copyright (c) 2001-2013 The Khronos Group Inc. Copyright terms at
        http://www.khronos.org/registry/speccopyright.html

Status

    Complete. Approved by ARB on February 16, 2001.

Version

    Last modified date: 2006/11/04

Number

    ARB Extension #17

Dependencies

    This extension is written against the OpenGL 1.2.1 Specification.
    OpenGL 1.1 and ARB_multitexture are required for this extension.

Overview

    New texture environment function COMBINE_ARB allows programmable
    texture combiner operations, including:

        REPLACE                 Arg0
        MODULATE                Arg0 * Arg1
        ADD                     Arg0 + Arg1
        ADD_SIGNED_ARB          Arg0 + Arg1 - 0.5
        SUBTRACT_ARB            Arg0 - Arg1
        INTERPOLATE_ARB         Arg0 * (Arg2) + Arg1 * (1-Arg2)

    where Arg0, Arg1 and Arg2 are derived from

        PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB       primary color of incoming fragment
        TEXTURE                 texture color of corresponding texture unit
        CONSTANT_ARB            texture environment constant color
        PREVIOUS_ARB            result of previous texture environment; on
                                texture unit 0, this maps to PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB

    In addition, the result may be scaled by 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0.

Issues

 1. Should the explicit bias be removed in favor of an implcit bias as
    part of a ADD_SIGNED_ARB function?

    - RESOLVED: Yes. This pre-scale bias is a special case and will 
      be treated as such.

 2. Should the primary color of the incoming fragment be available to
    all texture environments?  Currently it is only available to the
    texture environment of texture unit 0.

    - RESOLVED: Yes. PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB has been added as an input 
      source.

 3. Should textures from other texture units be allowed as sources?

    - RESOLVED: NO. Even though this adds a lot of flexibility that 
      folks can use today, there is not enough support amonst the
      ARB participants to add it to the base spec.

 4. All of the 1.2 modes except BLEND can be expressed in terms of
    this extension. Should texture color be allowed as a source for
    Arg2, so all of the 1.2 modes can be expressed?  If so, should all
    color sources be allowed, to maintain orthogonality?

    - RESOLVED: Yes. This seems to be a reasonable area to expand 
      functionality and remain backwards compatible with the EXT 
      version of the extension.

 5. If the texture environment for a given texture unit does not 
    reference the texture object that is bound to that texture unit,
    does a valid texture object need to be bound that unit?

    - RESOLVED: Yes. Each texture unit implicitly references the
      texture object that is bound to that unit, regardless of the
      texture environment function. This may require that 
      applications bind a dummy texture to the texture unit.

 6. Should we allow the secondary color to take part in texture blending?

    - RESOLVED: Not in this extension. Secondary color was defined
      as a specular part of the lit color and does not have associated
      alpha. In order to do this right, the secondary color extension
      needs to be fixed first to allow a full featured color and clearly
      state the interaction of how it interacts with the color sum stage. 

 7. How exactly is this ARB extension different from the EXT version?

    -  RESOLVED:

       1) This extension adds the GL_SUBTRACT_ARB mode

       2) OPERAND2_RGB_ARB can use SRC_COLOR, ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR,
          SRC_ALPHA, and ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA instead of just SRC_ALPHA
          (NV_texture_env_combine4 already provides this).

       3) OPERAND2_ALPHA_ARB can use SRC_ALPHA and ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA
          instead of just SRC_ALPHA (NV_texture_env_combine4 already
          provides this).

New Procedures and Functions

    None

New Tokens

    Accepted by the <params> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <pname> parameter value is TEXTURE_ENV_MODE

        COMBINE_ARB                                     0x8570

    Accepted by the <pname> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <target> parameter value is TEXTURE_ENV

        COMBINE_RGB_ARB                                 0x8571
        COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB                               0x8572
        SOURCE0_RGB_ARB                                 0x8580
        SOURCE1_RGB_ARB                                 0x8581
        SOURCE2_RGB_ARB                                 0x8582
        SOURCE0_ALPHA_ARB                               0x8588
        SOURCE1_ALPHA_ARB                               0x8589
        SOURCE2_ALPHA_ARB                               0x858A
        OPERAND0_RGB_ARB                                0x8590
        OPERAND1_RGB_ARB                                0x8591
        OPERAND2_RGB_ARB                                0x8592
        OPERAND0_ALPHA_ARB                              0x8598
        OPERAND1_ALPHA_ARB                              0x8599
        OPERAND2_ALPHA_ARB                              0x859A
        RGB_SCALE_ARB                                   0x8573
        ALPHA_SCALE

    Accepted by the <params> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <pname> parameter value is COMBINE_RGB_ARB
    or COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB

        REPLACE
        MODULATE
        ADD
        ADD_SIGNED_ARB                                  0x8574
        INTERPOLATE_ARB                                 0x8575
        SUBTRACT_ARB                                    0x84E7

    Accepted by the <params> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <pname> parameter value is SOURCE0_RGB_ARB,
    SOURCE1_RGB_ARB, SOURCE2_RGB_ARB, SOURCE0_ALPHA_ARB,
    SOURCE1_ALPHA_ARB, or SOURCE2_ALPHA_ARB

        TEXTURE
        CONSTANT_ARB                                    0x8576
        PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB                               0x8577
        PREVIOUS_ARB                                    0x8578

    Accepted by the <params> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <pname> parameter value is
    OPERAND0_RGB_ARB, OPERAND1_RGB_ARB, or OPERAND2_RGB_ARB

        SRC_COLOR
        ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR
        SRC_ALPHA
        ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     

    Accepted by the <params> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <pname> parameter value is
    OPERAND0_ALPHA_ARB, OPERAND1_ALPHA_ARB, or OPERAND2_ALPHA_ARB

        SRC_ALPHA
        ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     

    Accepted by the <params> parameter of TexEnvf, TexEnvi, TexEnvfv,
    and TexEnviv when the <pname> parameter value is RGB_SCALE_ARB or
    ALPHA_SCALE

        1.0
        2.0
        4.0     

Additions to Chapter 2 of the GL Specification (OpenGL Operation)

    None

Additions to Chapter 3 of the GL Specification (Rasterization)

    Added to subsection 3.8.9, before the paragraph describing the
    state requirements:

    If the value of TEXTURE_ENV_MODE is COMBINE_ARB, the form of the
    texture function depends on the values of COMBINE_RGB_ARB and
    COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB, according to table 3.20. The RGB and ALPHA
    results of the texture function are then multiplied by the values
    of RGB_SCALE_ARB and ALPHA_SCALE, respectively. The results are
    clamped to [0,1].

        COMBINE_RGB_ARB         Texture Function
        ------------------      ----------------
        REPLACE                 Arg0
        MODULATE                Arg0 * Arg1
        ADD                     Arg0 + Arg1
        ADD_SIGNED_ARB          Arg0 + Arg1 - 0.5
        INTERPOLATE_ARB         Arg0 * (Arg2) + Arg1 * (1-Arg2)
        SUBTRACT_ARB            Arg0 - Arg1

        COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB       Texture Function
        ------------------      ----------------
        REPLACE                 Arg0
        MODULATE                Arg0 * Arg1
        ADD                     Arg0 + Arg1
        ADD_SIGNED_ARB          Arg0 + Arg1 - 0.5
        INTERPOLATE_ARB         Arg0 * (Arg2) + Arg1 * (1-Arg2)
        SUBTRACT_ARB            Arg0 - Arg1

        Table 3.20: COMBINE_ARB texture functions

    The arguments Arg0, Arg1 and Arg2 are determined by the values of
    SOURCE<n>_RGB_ARB, SOURCE<n>_ALPHA_ARB, OPERAND<n>_RGB_ARB and
    OPERAND<n>_ALPHA_ARB. In the following two tables, Ct and At are
    the filtered texture RGB and alpha values; Cc and Ac are the 
    texture environment RGB and alpha values; Cf and Af are the RGB 
    and alpha of the primary color of the incoming fragment; and Cp 
    and Ap are the RGB and alpha values resulting from the previous 
    texture environment. On texture environment 0, Cp and Ap are 
    identical to Cf and Af, respectively. The relationship is 
    described in tables 3.21 and 3.22.

        SOURCE<n>_RGB_ARB       OPERAND<n>_RGB_ARB      Argument
        -----------------       --------------          --------
        TEXTURE                 SRC_COLOR               Ct
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR     (1-Ct)
                                SRC_ALPHA               At
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-At)
        CONSTANT_ARB            SRC_COLOR               Cc
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR     (1-Cc)
                                SRC_ALPHA               Ac
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-Ac)
        PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB       SRC_COLOR               Cf
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR     (1-Cf)
                                SRC_ALPHA               Af
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-Af)
        PREVIOUS_ARB            SRC_COLOR               Cp
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR     (1-Cp)
                                SRC_ALPHA               Ap
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-Ap)

        Table 3.21: Arguments for COMBINE_RGB_ARB functions

        SOURCE<n>_ALPHA_ARB     OPERAND<n>_ALPHA_ARB    Argument
        -----------------       --------------          --------
        TEXTURE                 SRC_ALPHA               At
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-At)
        CONSTANT_ARB            SRC_ALPHA               Ac
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-Ac)
        PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB       SRC_ALPHA               Af
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-Af)
        PREVIOUS_ARB            SRC_ALPHA               Ap
                                ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA     (1-Ap)

        Table 3.22: Arguments for COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB functions

    The mapping of texture components to source components is
    summarized in Table 3.23. In the following table, At, Lt, It, Rt,
    Gt and Bt are the filtered texel values.

        Base Internal Format            RGB Values      Alpha Value
        --------------------            ----------      -----------
        ALPHA                           0,  0,  0       At
        LUMINANCE                       Lt, Lt, Lt      1
        LUMINANCE_ALPHA                 Lt, Lt, Lt      At
        INTENSITY                       It, It, It      It
        RGB                             Rt, Gt, Bt      1
        RGBA                            Rt, Gt, Bt      At
        
        Table 3.23: Correspondence of texture components to source
        components for COMBINE_RGB_ARB and COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB arguments

Additions to Chapter 4 of the GL Specification (Per-Fragment Operations
and the Framebuffer)

    None

Additions to Chapter 5 of the GL Specification (Special Functions)

    None

Additions to Chapter 6 of the GL Specification (State and State Requests)

    None

Additions to Appendix F of the GL Specification (ARB Extensions)

    Inserted after the second paragraph of F.2.12:

    If the value of TEXTURE_ENV_MODE is COMBINE_ARB, the texture
    function associated with a given texture unit is computed using
    the values specified by SOURCE<n>_RGB_ARB, SOURCE<n>_ALPHA_ARB,
    OPERAND<n>_RGB_ARB and OPERAND<n>_ALPHA_ARB. If TEXTURE<n>_ARB is
    specified as SOURCE<n>_RGB_ARB or SOURCE<n>_ALPHA_ARB, the texture
    value from texture unit <n> will be used in computing the texture
    function for this texture unit.

    Inserted after the third paragraph of F.2.12:

    If a texture environment for a given texture unit references a
    texture unit that is disabled or does not have a valid texture
    object bound to it, then it is as if texture is disabled for the
    given texture unit. Every texture unit implicitly references the 
    texture object that is bound to it, regardless of the texture 
    function specified by COMBINE_RGB_ARB or COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB.

Additions to the GLX Specification

    None

GLX Protocol

    None

Errors

    INVALID_ENUM is generated if <params> value for COMBINE_RGB_ARB or
    COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB is not one of REPLACE, MODULATE, ADD,
    ADD_SIGNED_ARB, INTERPOLATE_ARB, or SUBTRACT_ARB

    INVALID_ENUM is generated if <params> value for SOURCE0_RGB_ARB,
    SOURCE1_RGB_ARB, SOURCE2_RGB_ARB, SOURCE0_ALPHA_ARB,
    SOURCE1_ALPHA_ARB or SOURCE2_ALPHA_ARB is not one of TEXTURE,
    CONSTANT_ARB, PRIMARY_COLOR_ARB, or PREVIOUS_ARB.

    INVALID_ENUM is generated if <params> value for OPERAND0_RGB_ARB,
    OPERAND1_RGB_ARB, or OPERAND2_RGB_ARB is not one of SRC_COLOR,
    ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR, SRC_ALPHA or ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA.

    INVALID_ENUM is generated if <params> value for OPERAND0_ALPHA_ARB,
    OPERAND1_ALPHA_ARB, or OPERAND2_ALPHA_ARB is not one of SRC_ALPHA 
    or ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA.

    INVALID_VALUE is generated if <params> value for RGB_SCALE_ARB or
    ALPHA_SCALE is not one of 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0.

New State

    Get Value           Get Command    Type     Initial Value   Attribute
    ---------           -----------    ----     -------------   ---------
    COMBINE_RGB_ARB     GetTexEnviv    n x Z4   MODULATE        texture
    COMBINE_ALPHA_ARB   GetTexEnviv    n x Z4   MODULATE        texture
    SOURCE0_RGB_ARB     GetTexEnviv    n x Z3   TEXTURE         texture
    SOURCE1_RGB_ARB     GetTexEnviv    n x Z3   PREVIOUS_ARB    texture
    SOURCE2_RGB_ARB     GetTexEnviv    n x Z3   CONSTANT_ARB    texture
    SOURCE0_ALPHA_ARB   GetTexEnviv    n x Z3   TEXTURE         texture
    SOURCE1_ALPHA_ARB   GetTexEnviv    n x Z3   PREVIOUS_ARB    texture
    SOURCE2_ALPHA_ARB   GetTexEnviv    n x Z3   CONSTANT_ARB    texture
    OPERAND0_RGB_ARB    GetTexEnviv    n x Z6   SRC_COLOR       texture
    OPERAND1_RGB_ARB    GetTexEnviv    n x Z6   SRC_COLOR       texture
    OPERAND2_RGB_ARB    GetTexEnviv    n x Z1   SRC_ALPHA       texture
    OPERAND0_ALPHA_ARB  GetTexEnviv    n x Z4   SRC_ALPHA       texture
    OPERAND1_ALPHA_ARB  GetTexEnviv    n x Z4   SRC_ALPHA       texture
    OPERAND2_ALPHA_ARB  GetTexEnviv    n x Z1   SRC_ALPHA       texture
    RGB_SCALE_ARB       GetTexEnvfv    n x R3   1.0             texture
    ALPHA_SCALE         GetTexEnvfv    n x R3   1.0             texture

New Implementation Dependent State

    None

Revision History

    06/11/04  benj      Updated contact info after ATI/AMD merger.

    01/05/21  mjk       Added ARB versus EXT differences issue

    01/02/02  bpoddar   Added original EXT/ARB contributors to the contact
                        list

    00/12/13  bpoddar   Added enum value for SUBTRACT_ARB

    00/12/06  bpoddar   Moved references to Ct<n> and At<n> to 
                        ARB_texture_env_crossbar spec.

    00/12/01  bpoddar   Removed TEXTURE<n>_ARB since several companies
                        had problems with this addition in the base spec.

    00/11/13  bpoddar   Recreated 6/20 spec with language for dealing
                        with inconsistent textures moved to appendix F.

    00/06/20  rhammers  Changed behavior when dealing with references 
                        do disabled and inconsistent textures.

    00/05/23  rhammers  Cleaned up for first draft of ARB version.
                        Added issue -- TEXTURE with TEXTURE<n>_ARB
                        Added issue .. "upstream" textures
                        Listed get functions with description of 
                        enumerants.
                        Added 1.1 and multitexture to dependencies

    00/05/18  rhammers  First rev of ARB version of the spec. Based on
                        EXT_texture_env_combine.
                        Relaxed restriction on Arg2.
                        Added support for TEXTURE<n>_ARB.
                        Added SUBTRACT_ARB combiner function.
                        do disabled and inconsistent textures.