Name

    ARB_gpu_shader_fp64

Name Strings

    GL_ARB_gpu_shader_fp64

Contact

    Pat Brown, NVIDIA Corporation (pbrown 'at' nvidia.com)

Contributors

    Barthold Lichtenbelt, NVIDIA
    Bill Licea-Kane, AMD
    Bruce Merry, ARM
    Chris Dodd, NVIDIA
    Eric Werness, NVIDIA
    Graham Sellers, AMD
    Greg Roth, NVIDIA
    Jeff Bolz, NVIDIA
    Nick Haemel, AMD
    Pierre Boudier, AMD
    Piers Daniell, NVIDIA

Notice

    Copyright (c) 2010-2013 The Khronos Group Inc. Copyright terms at
        http://www.khronos.org/registry/speccopyright.html

Specification Update Policy

    Khronos-approved extension specifications are updated in response to
    issues and bugs prioritized by the Khronos OpenGL Working Group. For
    extensions which have been promoted to a core Specification, fixes will
    first appear in the latest version of that core Specification, and will
    eventually be backported to the extension document. This policy is
    described in more detail at
        https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/docs/update_policy.php

Status

    Complete. Approved by the ARB at the 2010/01/22 F2F meeting.
    Approved by the Khronos Board of Promoters on March 10, 2010.
    
Version

    Last Modified Date:         August 27, 2012
    NVIDIA Revision:            11

Number

    ARB Extension #89

Dependencies

    This extension is written against the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile)
    Specification.

    This extension is written against version 1.50 (revision 09) of the OpenGL
    Shading Language Specification.

    OpenGL 3.2 and GLSL 1.50 are required.

    This extension interacts with EXT_direct_state_access.

    This extension interacts with NV_shader_buffer_load.

Overview

    This extension allows GLSL shaders to use double-precision floating-point
    data types, including vectors and matrices of doubles.  Doubles may be
    used as inputs, outputs, and uniforms.  

    The shading language supports various arithmetic and comparison operators
    on double-precision scalar, vector, and matrix types, and provides a set
    of built-in functions including:

      * square roots and inverse square roots;

      * fused floating-point multiply-add operations;

      * splitting a floating-point number into a significand and exponent
        (frexp), or building a floating-point number from a significand and
        exponent (ldexp);

      * absolute value, sign tests, various functions to round to an integer
        value, modulus, minimum, maximum, clamping, blending two values, step
        functions, and testing for infinity and NaN values;

      * packing and unpacking doubles into a pair of 32-bit unsigned integers;

      * matrix component-wise multiplication, and computation of outer
        products, transposes, determinants, and inverses; and

      * vector relational functions.

    Double-precision versions of angle, trigonometry, and exponential
    functions are not supported.

    Implicit conversions are supported from integer and single-precision
    floating-point values to doubles, and this extension uses the relaxed
    function overloading rules specified by the ARB_gpu_shader5 extension to
    resolve ambiguities.

    This extension provides API functions for specifying double-precision
    uniforms in the default uniform block, including functions similar to the
    uniform functions added by EXT_direct_state_access (if supported).

    This extension provides an "LF" suffix for specifying double-precision
    constants.  Floating-point constants without a suffix in GLSL are treated
    as single-precision values for backward compatibility with versions not
    supporting doubles; similar constants are treated as double-precision
    values in the "C" programming language.

    This extension does not support interpolation of double-precision values;
    doubles used as fragment shader inputs must be qualified as "flat".
    Additionally, this extension does not allow vertex attributes with 64-bit
    components.  That support is added separately by EXT_vertex_attrib_64bit.

IP Status

    No known IP claims.

New Procedures and Functions

    void Uniform1d(int location, double x);
    void Uniform2d(int location, double x, double y);
    void Uniform3d(int location, double x, double y, double z);
    void Uniform4d(int location, double x, double y, double z, double w);
    void Uniform1dv(int location, sizei count, const double *value);
    void Uniform2dv(int location, sizei count, const double *value);
    void Uniform3dv(int location, sizei count, const double *value);
    void Uniform4dv(int location, sizei count, const double *value);

    void UniformMatrix2dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                          const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix3dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                          const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix4dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                          const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix2x3dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                            const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix2x4dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                            const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix3x2dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                            const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix3x4dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                            const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix4x2dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                            const double *value);
    void UniformMatrix4x3dv(int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
                            const double *value);

    void GetUniformdv(uint program, int location, double *params);

    (All of the following ProgramUniform* functions are supported if and only
     if EXT_direct_state_access is supported.)

    void ProgramUniform1dEXT(uint program, int location, double x);
    void ProgramUniform2dEXT(uint program, int location, double x, double y);
    void ProgramUniform3dEXT(uint program, int location, double x, double y,
                             double z);
    void ProgramUniform4dEXT(uint program, int location, double x, double y, 
                             double z, double w);
    void ProgramUniform1dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count,
                              const double *value);
    void ProgramUniform2dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count,
                              const double *value);
    void ProgramUniform3dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count,
                              const double *value);
    void ProgramUniform4dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                              const double *value);

    void ProgramUniformMatrix2dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                    boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix3dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                    boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix4dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                    boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix2x3dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                      boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix2x4dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                      boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix3x2dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                      boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix3x4dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                      boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix4x2dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                      boolean transpose, const double *value);
    void ProgramUniformMatrix4x3dvEXT(uint program, int location, sizei count, 
                                      boolean transpose, const double *value);

New Tokens

    Returned in the <type> parameter of GetActiveUniform, and
    GetTransformFeedbackVarying:

        DOUBLE
        DOUBLE_VEC2                                     0x8FFC
        DOUBLE_VEC3                                     0x8FFD
        DOUBLE_VEC4                                     0x8FFE
        DOUBLE_MAT2                                     0x8F46
        DOUBLE_MAT3                                     0x8F47
        DOUBLE_MAT4                                     0x8F48
        DOUBLE_MAT2x3                                   0x8F49
        DOUBLE_MAT2x4                                   0x8F4A
        DOUBLE_MAT3x2                                   0x8F4B
        DOUBLE_MAT3x4                                   0x8F4C
        DOUBLE_MAT4x2                                   0x8F4D
        DOUBLE_MAT4x3                                   0x8F4E


Additions to Chapter 2 of the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile) Specification
(OpenGL Operation)

    Modify Section 2.14.4, Uniform Variables, p. 89

    (modify third paragraph, p. 90) ... uniform variable storage for a vertex
    shader.  A uniform matrix with single- or double-precision components will
    consume no more than 4 * min(r,c) or 8 * min(r,c) uniform components,
    respectively.  A scalar or vector uniform with double-precision components
    will consume no more than 2<n> components, where <n> is 1 for scalars, and
    the component count for vectors.  A link error is generated ...

    (add to Table 2.13, p. 96)

      Type Name Token           Keyword
      --------------------      ----------------
      DOUBLE                    double
      DOUBLE_VEC2               dvec2
      DOUBLE_VEC3               dvec3
      DOUBLE_VEC4               dvec4
      DOUBLE_MAT2               dmat2
      DOUBLE_MAT3               dmat3
      DOUBLE_MAT4               dmat4
      DOUBLE_MAT2x3             dmat2x3
      DOUBLE_MAT2x4             dmat2x4
      DOUBLE_MAT3x2             dmat3x2
      DOUBLE_MAT3x4             dmat3x4
      DOUBLE_MAT4x2             dmat4x2
      DOUBLE_MAT4x3             dmat4x3

    (modify list of commands at the bottom of p. 99)

      void Uniform{1,2,3,4}d(int location, T value);
      void Uniform{1,2,3,4}dv(int location, T value);
      void UniformMatrix{2,3,4}dv
           (int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
            const double *value);
      void UniformMatrix{2x3,3x2,2x4,4x2,3x4,4x3}dv
           (int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
            const double *value);

    (insert after fourth paragraph, p. 100) The Uniform*d{v} commands will
    load <count> sets of one to four double-precision floating-point values
    into a uniform location defined as a double, a double vector, or an array
    of double scalars or vectors.

    (modify fifth paragraph, p. 100) The UniformMatrix{2,3,4}fv and
    UniformMatrix{2,3,4}dv commands will load <count> 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4
    matrices (corresponding to 2, 3, or 4 in the command name) of single- or
    double-precision floating-point values, respectively, into ...

    (replace second bullet on the middle of p. 101, regarding
     INVALID_OPERATION errors in Uniform* comamnds)

     * if the type of the uniform declared in the shader does not match the
       component type and count indicated in the Uniform* command name (where
       a boolean uniform component type is considered to match any of the
       Uniform*i{v}, Uniform*ui{v}, or Uniform*f{v} commands),

    (modify sixth paragraph, p. 100) The UniformMatrix{2x3,3x2,2x4,
    4x2,3x4,4x3}fv and UniformMatrix{2x3,3x2,2x4,4x2,3x4,4x3}dv commands will
    load <count> 2x3, 3x2, 2x4, 4x2, 3x4, or 4x3 matrices (corresponding to
    the numbers in the command name) of single- or double-precision
    floating-point values, respectively, into ...

    (modify "Uniform Buffer Object Storage", p. 102, adding a bullet after the
     last "Members of type", and modifying the subsequent bullet)

     * Members of type double are extracted from a buffer object by reading a
       single double-typed value at the specified offset.

     * Vectors with N elements with basic data types of bool, int, uint,
       float, or double are extracted as N values in consecutive memory
       locations beginning at the specified offset, with components stored in
       order with the first (X) component at the lowest offset. The GL data
       type used for component extraction is derived according to the rules
       for scalar members above.


    Modify Section 2.14.6, Varying Variables, p. 106

    (modify third paragraph, p. 107) ... For the purposes of counting input
    and output components consumed by a shader, variables declared as vectors,
    matrices, and arrays will all consume multiple components.  Each component
    of variables declared as double-precision floating-point scalars, vectors,
    or matrices may be counted as consuming two components.

    (add after the bulleted list, p. 108) For the purposes of counting the
    total number of components to capture, each component of outputs declared
    as double-precision floating-point scalars, vectors, or matrices may be
    counted as consuming two components.


    Modify Section 2.19, Transform Feedback, p. 130

    (add to end of first paragraph, p. 132) ...  The results of appending a
    varying variable to a transform feedback buffer are undefined if any
    component of that variable would be written at an offset not aligned to
    the size of the component.


Additions to Chapter 3 of the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile) Specification
(Rasterization)

    None.

Additions to Chapter 4 of the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile) Specification
(Per-Fragment Operations and the Frame Buffer)

    None.

Additions to Chapter 5 of the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile) Specification
(Special Functions)

    None.

Additions to Chapter 6 of the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile) Specification
(State and State Requests)

    Modify Section 6.1.15, Shader and Program Queries, p. 332

    (add to the first list of commands, p. 337)

      void GetUniformdv(uint program, int location, double *params);


Additions to Appendix A of the OpenGL 3.2 (Compatibility Profile)
Specification (Invariance)

    None.

Additions to the AGL/GLX/WGL Specifications

    None.

Modifications to The OpenGL Shading Language Specification, Version 1.50
(Revision 09)

    Including the following line in a shader can be used to control the
    language features described in this extension:

      #extension GL_ARB_gpu_shader_fp64 : <behavior>

    where <behavior> is as specified in section 3.3.

    New preprocessor #defines are added to the OpenGL Shading Language:

      #define GL_ARB_gpu_shader_fp64    1


    Modify Section 3.6, Keywords, p. 14

    (add the following to the list of keywords, p. 14)

    double              dvec2           dvec3           dvec4

    dmat2               dmat3           dmat4
    dmat2x2             dmat2x3         dmat2x4
    dmat3x2             dmat3x3         dmat3x4
    dmat4x2             dmat4x3         dmat4x4

    (remove "double", "dvec2", "dvec3", and "dvec4" from the list of
    keywords reserved for future use, p. 15)


    Modify Section 4.1, Basic Types, p. 17

    (add to the basic "Transparent Types" table, pp. 17-18)
    
      Types       Meaning
      --------    ----------------------------------------------------------
      double      a single double-precision floating point scalar
      dvec2       a two-component double precision floating-point vector
      dvec3       a three component double precision floating-point vector
      dvec4       a four component double precision floating-point vector

      dmat2       a 2x2 double-precision floating-point matrix
      dmat3       a 3x3 double-precision floating-point matrix
      dmat4       a 4x4 double-precision floating-point matrix
      dmat2x2     same as dmat2
      dmat2x3     a double-precision matrix with 2 columns and 3 rows
      dmat2x4     a double-precision matrix with 2 columns and 4 rows
      dmat3x2     a double-precision matrix with 3 columns and 2 rows
      dmat3x3     same as dmat3
      dmat3x4     a double-precision matrix with 3 columns and 4 rows
      dmat4x2     a double-precision matrix with 4 columns and 2 rows
      dmat4x3     a double-precision matrix with 4 columns and 3 rows
      dmat4x4     same as dmat4


    Modify Section 4.1.4, Floats, p. 22

    (modify two paragraphs of the section, adding support for doubles)

    Single- and double-precision floating-point values are available for use
    in a variety of scalar calculations.  Floating-point variables are defined
    as in the following example:

      float a, b = 1.5;
      double c, d = 2.0LF;

    As an input value to one of the processing units, a single or
    double-precision floating-point variable is expected to match the IEEE
    floating-point definition for precision and dynamic range of the
    corresponding type.  It is not required that the precision of internal
    processing for operands of type "float" match the IEEE floating-point
    specification for floating-point operations, but the minimum guidelines
    for precision established by the OpenGL specification must be met.
    Treatment of conditions such as divide by 0 may lead to an unspecified
    result, but in no case should such a condition lead to the interruption or
    termination of processing.

    (modify the grammar, p. 22, adding "L" suffix)

      floating-suffix:  one of

        f F lf LF

    (modify last paragraph, p. 22) ...  including before a suffix.  When the
    suffix "lf" or "LF" is present, the literal has type <double>.  Otherwise,
    the literal has type <float>.  A leading unary ...


    Modify Section 4.1.6, Matrices, p. 23

    (modify the first paragraph of the section)

    The OpenGL Shading Language has built-in types for 2×2, 2×3, 2×4, 3×2,
    3×3, 3×4, 4×2, 4×3, and 4×4 matrices of single- and double-precision
    floating-point numbers.  Matrix types beginning with "mat" have
    single-precision components; matrix types beginning with "dmat" have
    double-precision components.  The first number in the type is the number
    of columns, the second is the number of rows. Example matrix declarations:

      mat2 mat2D;
      mat3 optMatrix;
      mat4 view, projection;
      mat4x4 view; // an alternate way of declaring a mat4
      mat3x2 m; // a matrix with 3 columns and 2 rows
      dmat4 highPrecisionMVP;
      dmat2x4 skinnyAndTallWithBigComponents;

    ...

    Modify Section 4.1.10, Implicit Conversions, p. 27

    (modify table of implicit conversions)

                                Can be implicitly
        Type of expression        converted to
        ---------------------   -------------------
        int                     uint(*), float, double
        ivec2                   uvec2(*), vec2, dvec2
        ivec3                   uvec3(*), vec3, dvec3
        ivec4                   uvec4(*), vec4, dvec4

        uint                    float, double
        uvec2                   vec2, dvec2
        uvec3                   vec3, dvec3
        uvec4                   vec4, dvec4

        float                   double
        vec2                    dvec2
        vec3                    dvec3
        vec4                    dvec4

        mat2                    dmat2
        mat3                    dmat3
        mat4                    dmat4
        mat2x3                  dmat2x3
        mat2x4                  dmat2x4
        mat3x2                  dmat3x2
        mat3x4                  dmat3x4
        mat4x2                  dmat4x2
        mat4x3                  dmat4x3

        (*) if ARB_gpu_shader5 or NV_gpu_shader5 is supported

    (modify second paragraph of the section) No implicit conversions are
    provided to convert from unsigned to signed integer types, from
    floating-point to integer types, or from higher-precision to
    lower-precision types.  There are no implicit array or structure
    conversions.

    (add before the final paragraph of the section, p. 27) 

    (insert before the final paragraph of the section) When performing
    implicit conversion for binary operators, there may be multiple data types
    to which the two operands can be converted.  For example, when adding an
    int value to a uint value, both values can be implicitly converted to
    uint, float, and double.  In such cases, a floating-point type is chosen
    if either operand has a floating-point type.  Otherwise, an unsigned
    integer type is chosen if either operand has an unsigned integer type.
    Otherwise, a signed integer type is chosen.  If operands can be implicitly
    converted to multiple data types deriving from the same base data type,
    the type with the smallest component size is used.


    Modify Section 4.3.4, Inputs, p. 31

    (modify third paragraph of the section, p. 31) ... Vertex shader inputs
    can only be single-precision floating-point scalars, vectors, or matrices,
    or signed and unsigned integers and integer vectors.  Vertex shader inputs
    can also form arrays of these types, but not structures.

    (modify third paragraph, p. 32, allowing doubles as inputs and disallowing
    as non-flat fragment inputs) ... Fragment inputs can only be signed and
    unsigned integers and integer vectors, float, floating-point vectors,
    double, double-precision vectors, single- or double-precision matrices, or
    arrays or structures of these. Fragment shader inputs that are signed or
    unsigned integers, integer vectors, doubles, double-precision vectors, or
    double-precision matrices must be qualified with the interpolation
    qualifier flat.


    Modify Section 4.3.6, Outputs, p. 33

    (modify third paragraph of the section, p. 33) They can only be float,
    double, single- or double-precision floating-point vectors or matrices,
    signed or unsigned integers or integer vectors, or arrays or structures of
    any these.

    (modify last paragraph, p. 33) ... Fragment outputs can only be float,
    single-precision floating-point vectors, signed or unsigned integers or
    integer vectors, or arrays of these. ...


    Modify Section 5.4.1, Conversion and Scalar Constructors, p. 49

    (add double to the first list of constructor examples)

    Converting between scalar types is done as the following prototypes
    indicate:

      int(uint)     // converts an unsigned integer value to a signed integer
      int(float)    // converts a float value to a signed integer
      int(double)   // converts a double value to a signed integer
      int(bool)     // converts a Boolean value to a signed integer
      uint(int)     // converts a signed integer value to an unsigned integer
      uint(float)   // converts a float value to an unsigned integer
      uint(double)  // converts a double value to an unsigned integer
      uint(bool)    // converts a Boolean value to an unsigned integer
      float(int)    // converts a signed integer value to a float
      float(uint)   // converts an unsigned integer value to a float
      float(double) // converts a double value to a float
      float(bool)   // converts a Boolean value to a float
      double(int)   // converts a signed integer value to a double
      double(uint)  // converts an unsigned integer value to a double
      double(float) // converts a float value to a double
      double(bool)  // converts a Boolean value to a double
      bool(int)     // converts a signed integer value to a Boolean
      bool(uint)    // converts an unsigned integer value to a Boolean
      bool(float)   // converts a float value to a Boolean
      bool(double)  // converts a double value to a Boolean

    (modify second paragraph of the section, p. 49) When constructors are used
    to convert any floating-point type to an integer, the fractional part of
    the floating-point value is dropped. ...

    (modify third paragraph of the section, p. 49) When a constructor is used
    to convert any integer or floating-point type to bool, 0 and 0.0 are
    converted to false, and non-zero values are converted to true.  When a
    constructor is used to convert a bool to any integer or floating-point
    type, false is converted to 0 or 0.0, and true is converted to 1 or 1.0.


    Modify Section 5.4.2, Vector and Matrix Constructors, p. 50

    (modify the last paragraph, p. 50) If the basic type (bool, int, uint,
    float, or double) of a parameter to a constructor does not match the basic
    type of the object being constructed, the scalar construction rules
    (above) are used to convert the parameters.


    (add to the first group of examples, p. 52)

      dmat2(dvec2, dvec2)
      dmat3(dvec3, dvec3, dvec3)
      dmat4(dvec4, dvec4, dvec4, dvec4)
      dmat2x4(dvec3, double,   // first column
              double, dvec3)   // second column


    Modify Section 5.9, Expressions, p. 57

    (modify bulleted list as follows, adding support for double-precision
    floating-point types)

    Expressions in the shading language are built from the following:

    * Constants of type bool, int, uint, float, double, all vector types and
      all matrix types.

    ...

    * The arithmetic binary operators add (+), subtract (-), multiply (*), and
      divide (/) operate on integer, single-precision floating-point, and
      double-precision floating-point scalars, vectors, and matrices.  If the
      fundamental type (integer, single-precision floating-point,
      double-precision floating-point) of the operands do not match, the
      conversions from Section 4.1.10 "Implicit Conversions" are applied to
      produce matching types.  ...

    * The arithmetic unary operators negate (-), post- and pre-increment and
      decrement (-- and ++) operate on integer, single-precision
      floating-point, or double-precision floating-point values (including
      vectors and matrices). ...

    * The relational operators greater than (>), less than (<), and less than
      or equal (<=) operate only on scalar integer, single-precision
      floating-point, or double-precision floating-point expressions.  The
      result is scalar Boolean.  The fundamental type of the two operands must
      match, either as specified, or after one of the implicit type
      conversions specified in Section 4.1.10.  ...

      ...


    Modify Chapter 8, Built-in Functions, p. 81

    (add to description of generic types, last paragraph of p. 81) ... Where
    the input arguments (and corresponding output) can be double, dvec2,
    dvec3, or dvec4, <genDType> is used as the argument.  ... Similarly, <mat>
    is used for any matrix basic type with single-precision components and
    <dmat> is used for any matrix basic type with double-precision components.


    Modify Section 8.2, Exponential Functions, p. 83

    (add overloads for double-precision square roots)

      genDType sqrt(genDType x);
      genDType inversesqrt(genDType x);


    Modify Section 8.3, Common Functions, p. 84

    (add support for double-precision floating-point multiply-add)

    Syntax:

      genDType fma(genDType a, genDType b, genDType c);

    The function fma() performs a fused double-precision floating-point
    multiply-add to compute the value a*b+c.  The results of fma() may not be
    identical to evaluating the expression (a*b)+c, because the computation
    may be performed in a single operation with intermediate precision
    different from that used to compute a non-fma() expression.

    The results of fma() are guaranteed to be invariant given fixed inputs
    <a>, <b>, and <c>, as though the result were taken from a variable
    declared as "precise".


    (add support for double-precision frexp and ldexp functions)

    Syntax:

      genDType frexp(genDType x, out genIType exp);
      genDType ldexp(genDType x, in genIType exp);

    The function frexp() splits each double-precision floating-point number in
    <x> into its binary significand, a floating-point number in the range
    [0.5, 1.0), and an integral exponent of two, such that:

      x = significand * 2 ^ exponent

    The significand is returned by the function; the exponent is returned in
    the parameter <exp>.  For a floating-point value of zero, the significant
    and exponent are both zero.  For a floating-point value that is an
    infinity or is not a number, the results of frexp() are undefined.  

    If the input <x> is a vector, this operation is performed in a
    component-wise manner; the value returned by the function and the value
    written to <exp> are vectors with the same number of components as <x>.

    The function ldexp() builds a double-precision floating-point number from
    each significand component in <x> and the corresponding integral exponent
    of two in <exp>, returning:

      significand * 2 ^ exponent

    If this product is too large to be represented as a double-precision
    floating-point value, the result is considered undefined.

    If the input <x> is a vector, this operation is performed in a
    component-wise manner; the value passed in <exp> and returned by the
    function are vectors with the same number of components as <x>.


    (add overloads for double-precision functions)

      genDType abs(genDType x);
      genDType sign(genDType x);
      genDType floor(genDType x);
      genDType trunc(genDType x);
      genDType round(genDType x);
      genDType roundEven(genDType x);
      genDType ceil(genDType x);
      genDType fract(genDType x);
      genDType mod(genDType x, double y);
      genDType mod(genDType x, genDType y);
      genDType modf(genDType x, out genDType i);
      genDType min(genDType x, genDType y);
      genDType min(genDType x, double y);
      genDType max(genDType x, genDType y);
      genDType max(genDType x, double y);
      genDType clamp(genDType x, genDType minVal, genDType maxVal);
      genDType clamp(genDType x, double minVal, double maxVal);
      genDType mix(genDType x, genDType y, genDType a);
      genDType mix(genDType x, genDType y, double a);
      genDType mix(genDType x, genDType y, genBType a);
      genDType step(genDType edge, genDType x);
      genDType step(double edge, genDType x);
      genDType smoothstep(genDType edge0, genDType edge1, genDType x);
      genDType smoothstep(double edge0, double edge1, genDType x);
      genBType isnan(genDType x);
      genBType isinf(genDType x);


    (add support for 64-bit floating-point packing and unpacking functions)

    Syntax:

      double   packDouble2x32(uvec2 v);
      uvec2    unpackDouble2x32(double v);

    The function packDouble2x32() returns a double obtained by packing the
    components of a two-component unsigned integer vector into a 64-bit value
    and interpeting its bits according to the IEEE double-precision
    floating-point representation.  The first vector component specifies the
    32 least significant bits; the second component specifies the 32 most
    significant bits.

    The function unpackDouble2x32() returns a two-component unsigned integer
    vector obtained by interpreting a double using the 64-bit IEEE
    double-precision floating-point representation and unpacking into two
    32-bit halves.  The first component of the vector contains the 32 least
    significant bits of the double; the second component consists the 32 most
    significant bits.


    Modify Section 8.4, Geometric Functions, p. 87

    (add double-precision equivalents for existing geometric functions)

      double length(genDType x);
      double distance(genDType p0, genDType p1);
      double dot(genDType x, genDType y);
      dvec3 cross(dvec3 x, dvec3 y);
      genDType normalize(genDType x);
      genDType faceforward(genDType N, genDType I, genDType Nref);
      genDType reflect(genDType I, genDType N);
      genDType refract(genDType I, genDType N, double eta);


    Modify Section 8.5, Matrix Functions, p. 89

    (add double-precision equivalents for existing matrix functions)

      dmat matrixCompMult(dmat x, dmat y);
      dmat2 outerProduct(dvec2 c, dvec2 r);
      dmat3 outerProduct(dvec3 c, dvec3 r);
      dmat4 outerProduct(dvec4 c, dvec4 r);
      dmat2x3 outerProduct(dvec3 c, dvec2 r);
      dmat3x2 outerProduct(dvec2 c, dvec3 r);
      dmat2x4 outerProduct(dvec4 c, dvec2 r);
      dmat4x2 outerProduct(dvec2 c, dvec4 r);
      dmat3x4 outerProduct(dvec4 c, dvec3 r);
      dmat4x3 outerProduct(dvec3 c, dvec4 r);
      dmat2 transpose(dmat2 m);
      dmat3 transpose(dmat3 m);
      dmat4 transpose(dmat4 m);
      dmat2x3 transpose(dmat3x2 m);
      dmat3x2 transpose(dmat2x3 m);
      dmat2x4 transpose(dmat4x2 m);
      dmat4x2 transpose(dmat2x4 m);
      dmat3x4 transpose(dmat4x3 m);
      dmat4x3 transpose(dmat3x4 m);
      double determinant(dmat2 m);
      double determinant(dmat3 m);
      double determinant(dmat4 m);
      dmat2 inverse(dmat2 m);
      dmat3 inverse(dmat3 m);
      dmat4 inverse(dmat4 m);


    Modify Section 8.6, Vector Relational Functions, p. 90

    (modify the first paragraph, p. 90, adding support for relational
    functions operating on double precision types)

    Relational and equality operators (<, <=, >, >=, ==, !=) are defined (or
    reserved) to operate on scalars and produce scalar Boolean results.  For
    vector results, use the following built-in functions.  In the definitions
    below, the following terms are used as placeholders for all vector types
    for a given fundamental data type.  In all cases, the sizes of the input
    and return vectors for any particular call must match.

        placeholder     fundamental types
        -----------     ------------------------------------------------
        bvec            bvec2, bvec3, bvec4

        ivec            ivec2, ivec3, ivec4

        uvec            uvec2, uvec3, uvec4

        vec             vec2, vec3, vec4, dvec2, dvec3, dvec4


    Modify Section 9, Shading Language Grammar, p. 92

    !!! TBD !!!


GLX Protocol

    !!! TBD

Dependencies on ARB_gpu_shader5

    If ARB_gpu_shader5 is not supported, the changes to the function
    overloading rules in the OpenGL Shading Language Specification provided
    there should included in this extension.

Dependencies on NV_gpu_shader5

    This extension and NV_gpu_shader5 both provide support for shading
    language variables with 64-bit components.  If both extensions are
    supported, the various edits describing this new support should be
    combined.

Dependencies on EXT_direct_state_access

    If EXT_direct_state_access is not supported, references to the
    ProgramUniform*d*EXT functions should be removed.

    If EXT_direct_state_access is supported, that specification should be
    edited as follows:

    (modify the ProgramUniform* language)

    The following commands:

        ....
        void ProgramUniform{1,2,3,4}dEXT(uint program int location, T value);
        void ProgramUniform{1,2,3,4}dvEXT (uint program, int location, 
                                          const T *value);
        void ProgramUniformMatrix{2,3,4}dvEXT
             (uint program, int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
              const double *value);
        void ProgramUniformMatrix{2x3,3x2,2x4,4x2,3x4,4x3}dvEXT
             (uint program, int location, sizei count, boolean transpose, 
              const double *value);
   
    operate identically to the corresponding command where "Program" is
    deleted from the name (and extension suffixes are dropped or updated
    appropriately) except, rather than updating the currently active program
    object, these "Program" commands update the program object named by the
    <program> parameter.  ...

Dependencies on NV_shader_buffer_load

    If NV_shader_buffer_load is supported, that specification should be edited
    as follows:

    Modify "Section 2.20.X, Shader Memory Access" from NV_shader_buffer_load.

    (add rules for loads of variables having the new data types from this
    extension to the list of bullets following "When a shader dereferences a
    pointer variable")

      - Data of type "double" are read from or written to memory as one
        double-typed value at the specified GPU address.


Errors

    None.

New State

    None.

New Implementation Dependent State

    None.

Issues

    (1) How do double-precision types interact with the rules for storing
    uniforms in a buffer object?

      RESOLVED:  The rules were already written with data types larger and
      smaller than those in the original GLSL in mind.  Single precision
      floats typically take four bytes; doubles take eight bytes.  The larger
      storage requirement for doubles means a larger alignment requirement;
      doubles still need to be size-aligned.

    (2) Should double-precision vertex shader inputs be supported?

      RESOLVED:  Not in this extension.  Such support will be added by the
      EXT_vertex_attrib_64bit extension.

    (3) Should double-precision fragment shader outputs be supported?

      RESOLVED:  Not in this extension.  Note that we don't have
      double-precision framebuffer formats to accept such values.

    (4) Should transform feedback be able to capture double-precision
    components?

      RESOLVED:  Yes.  However, undefined behavior will occur unless all
      components are captured to size-aligned offsets.

      If any variable captured in transform feedback has double-precision
      components, the practical requirements for defined behavior are:

        (a) the offset of the base of a buffer object must be a multiple of
            eight bytes;

        (b) the amount of data captured per vertex must be a multiple of eight
            bytes; and

        (c) each double-precision variable captured must be aligned to a
            multiple of eight bytes relative to the beginning of a vertex.

      If capturing a mix of single- and double-precision components, it might
      be necessary to use the "gl_SkipComponents1" variable from
      ARB_transform_feedback3 to force proper alignment.

      We considered the possibility of adding error checks to throw errors in
      cases where undefined behavior might occur, but chose not to include
      such errors.  For OpenGL 3.0-style transform feedback, cases (b) and (c)
      are solely a function of the variables captured could be detected when a
      program object is linked.  (Such an error would be more problematic for
      transform feedback via NV_transform_feedback, where the set of variables
      captured can be updated without relinking.)  For case (a), the
      requirement of OpenGL 3.0 is that transform feedback buffer offsets must
      be a multiple of 4 bytes; enforcing a stricter 8-byte alignment would
      require either a backward-incompatible change or a Begin-time error to
      checks the offset of transform feedback buffers against the current
      program.

    (5) Should we have double-precision matrix types?  We didn't add integer 
        matrices, but integer matrix math is fairly uncommon.

      RESOLVED:  Yes, we will support all matrix sizes in double-precision.
      We will also provide double-precision equivalents for all matrix
      operators and built-in matrix functions.

    (6) What should be done to distinguish between single- and
        double-precision floating-point constants?

      RESOLVED:  We will use "LF" to identify double-precision floating-point
      constants.  Here, we depart from the C standard.  In C, floating-point
      constants without a suffix are implicitly double-precision and require a
      "F" suffix to specify a single-precision constant.  However, GLSL has
      historically provided no support for double precision.  Changing to C
      rules would materially affect the behavior of pre-existing shaders that
      add an #extension line for this extension, since constants with no
      suffix have meant "float" up to now.  Additionally, such a change would
      likely have required that we introduce implicit conversions from double
      to float; otherwise, assigning a constant with no suffix to a float
      would result in a compile-time error.

    (7) Should we require IEEE 1394-compliant behavior for NaNs and
        infinities?  Denorms?

      RESOLVED:  Following historical precedent in the GLSL and OpenGL APIs
      not defining special-case floating-point behavior, we chose not to do so
      in this extension.

    (8) Should we provide double-precision versions of all the built-ins that
        take a <genType>, which are currently defined to be floats and
        floating-point vectors?

      RESOLVED:  We provide double-precision versions of most of the built-in
      functions supported by GLSL.  We opted not to provide double-precision
      functions for special trigonometry, exponential, derivative, and noise
      functions.

    (9) Are double-precision "varyings" (values passed between shader stages)
        supported by this extension?  If so, is double-precision interpolation
        is supported?

      RESOLVED:  Double-precision shader inputs and outputs are supported,
      except for vertex shader inputs and fragment shader outputs.
      Additionally, double-precision vertex shader inputs are provided by the
      separate extension EXT_vertex_attrib_64bit.  No known extension provides
      double-precision fragment outputs, but that doesn't seem important since
      OpenGL provides no pixel/texture formats with double-precision
      components that could reasonably receive such outputs.

      Interpolation not supported in this extension for double-precision
      floating-point components.  As with integer types in OpenGL 3.0,
      double-precision floating-point fragment shader inputs must be qualified
      as "flat".

      Note that this extension reformulates the spec language requiring "flat"
      qualifiers, in addition to adding doubles to the list of "flat" types.
      In GLSL 1.30, the spec applies these requirements to vertex shader
      outputs but imposes no requirement on fragment inputs.  We move this
      requirement to fragment inputs, since vertex shader outputs may be
      passed to tessellation or geometry shaders without interpolation, and
      thus without the need for qualification by "flat".

    (15) Can the 64-bit uniform APIs be used to load values for uniforms of
         type "bool", "bvec2", "bvec3", or "bvec4"?

      RESOLVED:  No.  OpenGL 2.0 and beyond did allow "bool" variable to be
      set with Uniform*i* and Uniform*f APIs, and OpenGL 3.0 extended that
      support to Uniform*ui* for orthogonality.  But it seems pointless to
      extended this capability forward to 64-bit Uniform APIs as well.

    (19) Should we support any implicit conversion of matrix types, now that
         we have both "mat4" and "dmat4"?

      RESOLVED:  No.  It doesn't seem worth the trouble.


Revision History

    Rev.    Date    Author    Changes
    ----  --------  --------  -----------------------------------------
    11    08/27/12  pbrown    Clarify that Uniform*d can not be used to load
                              uniforms with boolean types (bug 9345); import
                              issue (15) on the topic from NV_gpu_shader5.

    10    03/23/10  pbrown    Update issues section to include fp64 issues
                              that were left behind in NV_gpu_shader5 when the
                              specs were refactored.

     9    02/02/10  pbrown    Specify that capturing any component at an
                              offset that is not size-aligned results in
                              undefined behavior (bug 5863).

     8    01/29/10  pbrown    Remove shading language and API support for
                              double-precision vertex attributes; moved to the
                              EXT_vertex_attrib_64bit specification (bug
                              5953).  Added clarification disallowing
                              double-precision fragment shader outputs.

     7    01/29/10  pbrown    Delete accidental modifications to the language
                              for equal and not equal operators (bug 5904),
                              which already supported all types.

     6    01/15/10  pbrown    Modify the spec rules for counting attributes,
                              input and output components, and components
                              to capture in transform feedback to permit,
                              but not require, double-precision values to
                              require twice as many resources as single-
                              precision equivalents (bug 5855).

     5    01/14/10  pbrown    Minor updates from spec reviews.

     4    12/10/09  pbrown    Functionality updates from spec review:
                              Allow implicit conversion from mat*->dmat*.
                              Rename fmad and [un]packFloat2x32 to fma
                              and [un]packDouble2x32.  Add overlooked
                              fp64 versions of geometric functions. 

     3    12/10/09  pbrown    Convert from EXT to ARB.

     2    12/08/09  pbrown    Miscellaneous fixes from spec review:  Clarified
                              input/output component counting rules, where
                              each fp64 value counts double.  General typo
                              fixes and language clarifications.

     1              pbrown    Internal revisions.