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XXX incomplete (but getting close)
Name
SGIX_cube_map
Name Strings
GL_SGIX_cube_map
Version
$Date: 1998/05/12 23:51:59 $ $Revision: 1.17 $
Number
130
Dependencies
OpenGL 1.1 is required.
EXT_light_texture affects the definition of this extension.
The enums EYE_SPACE_SGIX and OBJECT_SPACE_SGIX
are defined in the fragment_light_space spec and
used here. We aren't dependent upon the spec per-se,
but we do want those enums. If we had this spec without
fragment_light_space but with fragment_lighing, we'd
want to define them as part of this spec.
Overview
This extension introduces a cube map method for performing
environment mapping and environment map term to the fragment
light equation.
Issues
* What is the best way to enable environment mapping in the fragment
lighting equation?
I chose to use
ApplyTextureEXT(ENV_MAP_SGIX);
Enable(CUBE_MAP_SGIX);
* can cube map environment mapping be used with per-vertex lighting?
Sure, but it is simply a texture in this case, it is not multiplied
by the specular material.
If SGIX_texture_add_env is supported, the cube map environment
term can be added to the color computed in per-vertex lighting.
Use
Enable(CUBE_MAP_SGIX);
TexEnvi(TEXTURE_ENV,TEXTURE_ENV_MODE,ADD);
* do we want a way to transform the Reflection vectors by a matrix somehow?
Or perhaps we generate the R vector relative to the viewer.
The idea is if we are simulating thin film reflections or something like
that we want to use the environment map as a lighting map.
This is handled easily but clumsily with a call to
TexParameteri(CUBE_MAP_SGIX, ENV_MAP_SGIX, EYE_SPACE_SGIX) or
TexParameteri(CUBE_MAP_SGIX, ENV_MAP_SGIX, OBJECT_SPACE_SGIX)
the first case fixes the environment to the viewers head (needed by thin
film or lights fixed with the viewer), the second fixes it in the world
(classic environment mapping).
An alternative is to introduce a fragment_environment spec and
perhaps a call like
EnvironmentMapSpace({ EYE_SPACE_SGIX |
OBJECT_SPACE_SGIX })
This spec could also add the notion of multiplying the
reflected environment value by the specular material to the
equation in the fragment lighting spec.
* Do we explicitly include the environment map term in fragment lighting
equation or use this extension (or maybe texture or light environment) instead.
This extension adds an environment mapping term to the fragment lighting equation
If we made a seperate fragment_environment spec we could add the term
in that spec.
* We need to deal with PROXY stuff to determine if all the cube map
faces will fit.
* if it says somewhere in the GL specification that whenever 1D and 2D
textures are enabled (I know it says this in the man page, but I can't
find it in the spec), 2D wins, we need the same type of language here.
2D wins over cubemapping if both are enabled and there is only one
texture resource.
* If we say that reflection vectors are calculated on a per-fragment basis
this means that bumpy reflections should be possible since N could come
from a texture. If we further say that the approximation of interpolating
an per-vertex-calculated R vector is acceptable, this causes a conflict
because that effect would kill bumpy reflections.
New Procedures and Functions
New Tokens
Accepted by the <mode> parameter of ApplyTextureEXT, and
the <pname> parameter of
TexParameterf, TexParameterfv, Texparameteri, and TexParameteriv,
GetTexParameterfv, GetTexParameteriv:
ENV_MAP_SGIX 0x8340
Accepted by the <cap> parameter of Enable, Disable and IsEnabled,
the <target> parameter of
TexParameterf, TexParameterfv, Texparameteri, and TexParameteriv,
GetTexParameterfv, GetTexParameteriv,
BindTextureEXT,
accepted by the <pname> parameters of GetBooleanv, GetIntegerv:
CUBE_MAP_SGIX 0x8341
Accepted by the <target> parameters of GetTexImage,
GetTexLevelParameterfv, GetTexLevelParameteriv,
TexImage2D, TexSubImage2D, CopyTexImage2D, and CopyTexSubImage2D:
CUBE_MAP_ZP_SGIX 0x8342
CUBE_MAP_ZN_SGIX 0x8343
CUBE_MAP_XN_SGIX 0x8344
CUBE_MAP_XP_SGIX 0x8345
CUBE_MAP_YN_SGIX 0x8346
CUBE_MAP_YP_SGIX 0x8347
Accepted by the <pname> parameters of GetBooleanv, GetIntegerv,
GetFloatv, and GetDoublev:
CUBE_MAP_BINDING_SGIX 0x8348
Additions to Chapter 2 of the 1.1 Specification (OpenGL Operation)
Additions to Chapter 3 of the 1.1 Specification (Rasterization)
In section 3.8 we should add text that specifies that each of
the 6 faces of the cube map should be legal textures
based on the filtering mode before cube mapping can be enabled
If they are not it is as if texturing is disabled.
Before Section 3.8.1 Texture Minification insert a new section 3.8.1
Environment Map Address Calculation.
Environment map address calculation may be used to compute texture coordinates
in an environment map texture.
The Reflection vector 'r' is computed on
a per-fragment basis from interpolated view vector(VPe) and
interpolated normal 'n' vectors as
r = (X,Y,Z) = 2*n*dot(n,VPe) - VPe
If TexParameter is called with <pname> ENV_MAP_SGIX and
<param> OBJECT_SPACE_SGIX, the view vector 'VPe' is transformed
by the inverse of the modelview matrix before 'r' is calculated.
This is the default behavior. If TexParameter is called with
<pname> ENV_MAP_SGIX and <param> EYE_SPACE_SGIX, the view vector is
unchanged before the calculation of the reflection vector.
The calculation of 'r' may be approximated by computing it on a
per-vertex basis, transforming by the inverse of the modelview matrix
if necessary, optionally normalizing it for numerical purposes
and then interpolating it on a per-pixel basis.
This will lead to unacceptable distortion effects if r varies greatly on a
per-vertex basis and will also prevent the use of reflection vector generation
from a texture derived normal since the calculation of R occurs before
the texture stage.
Cube Map Face Selection
If the environment map is implemented with a cube map, one of the six faces of
the cube is selected by the major axis of the reflection vector on a per-pixel
basis.
major axis X Y Z
-----------------------------------------------------------
<= 0 CUBE_MAP_XN_SGIX CUBE_MAP_YN_SGIX CUBE_MAP_ZN_SGIX
> 0 CUBE_MAP_XP_SGIX CUBE_MAP_YP_SGIX CUBE_MAP_ZN_SGIX
Once the face is selected, the s,t texture coordinates are computed
from the (X,Y,Z) coordinates of the reflection vector and replace
any texture coordinates specified with TexCoord or generated by TexGen as:
map s t r q
-------------------------------------------------------------
CUBE_MAP_ZN_SGIX .5 - .5*X/Z .5 - .5*Y/Z 0. 1.
CUBE_MAP_ZP_SGIX .5 - .5*X/Z .5 + .5*Y/Z 0. 1.
CUBE_MAP_XN_SGIX .5 + .5*Z/X .5 - .5*Y/X 0. 1.
CUBE_MAP_XP_SGIX .5 + .5*Z/X .5 + .5*Y/X 0. 1.
CUBE_MAP_YN_SGIX .5 - .5*X/Y .5 + .5*Z/Y 0. 1.
CUBE_MAP_YP_SGIX .5 + .5*X/Y .5 + .5*Z/Y 0. 1.
note to spec editor: (see the figure in file cubemap.sho to visualize the mappings.)
Level of detail should be computed in a manner that corresponds to
the specification of level of detail for two-dimensional texturing.
Note that the chain rule can be applied using the above formulas and
slope information for X,Y,Z (dX/dx, dY/dx, dZ/dx, dX/dy, dY/dy, dZ/dy)
to obtain ds/dx, ds/dy, dt/dx, dt/dy.
e.g. ds/dx = dX/dx*ds/dX + dY/dx*ds/dY + dZ/dx*ds/dZ
We add an enviroment map term to the equation in section 3.9.2 from the
fragment_lighting spec:
The desired general equation for the fragment illumination model is:
Cl = Em emissive
+ Am*As ambient material*scene ambient color
SUM{_i = 0 through Nf-1} {
+ Atten_i*SpotL_i*{ distance/spot light attenuation
+ Am*Al_i ambient material*ambient light
+ Dm*Dl_i*(N.L_i) diffuse material*diffuse light
+ Sm*Sl_i*(N.H_i)^n specular material*specular light
}
}
+Sm*Ev
Nf is the number of fragment light sources
N is the fragment normal vector
L_i is the direction vector from the fragment position to the light source
H_i is the half angle vector
n is the specular exponent (shininess)
Ev is the environment map value.
Ev is defined to be 0 unless
ApplyTextureEXT(ENV_MAP_SGIX) has been called in conjunction
with an enabled texture in which case the value is
the value determined from the cube map access as specified above.
Additions to Chapter 4 of the 1.1 Specification (Per-Fragment Operations
and the Framebuffer)
None
Additions to Chapter 5 of the 1.1 Specification (Special Functions)
None
Additions to Chapter 6 of the 1.1 Specification (State and State Requests)
Although many of the parameter values of a set of cube map textures have no
effect on texture operation, they are maintained and may be queried.
There is no value associated with the binding points
CUBE_MAP_ZP_2D_SGIX,
CUBE_MAP_ZN_2D_SGIX,
CUBE_MAP_XN_2D_SGIX,
CUBE_MAP_XP_2D_SGIX,
CUBE_MAP_YN_2D_SGIX,
CUBE_MAP_YP_2D_SGIX,
so they are not accepted as the <pname> parameter
of GetBooleanv, GetIntegerv, GetFloatv, or GetDoublev. The name of
the set of cube map textures that are bound to the above binding posts are queried
by calling GetBooleanv, GetIntegerv, GetFloatv, or GetDoublev with
<pname> set to CUBE_MAP_BINDING_SGIX.
Zero is returned if no texture has been bound.
Additions to the GLX Specification
None
Dependencies on EXT_light_texture
If EXT_light_texture is not supported, then references to
ApplyTextureEXT() are to be ignored.
Errors
INVALID_VALUE is generated if BindTextureEXT parameter <target> is
one of CUBE_MAP_SGIX
and parameter <texture> is not the name of a
cube map texture, the name of an as yet unbound texture, or zero.
* more of these *
New State
Get Value Get Command Type Initial Value Attribute
--------- ----------- ---- ------------- ---------
CUBE_MAP_BINDING_SGIX GetIntegerv Z+ 0 texture
ENV_MAP_SGIX GetTexParameteriv Z2 OBJECT_SPACE_SGIX texture
CUBE_MAP IsEnabled XXX?
CUBE_MAP_ZP_2D_SGIX etc XXX (how do we specify this?)
New Implementation Dependent State
None